Screening for social determinants of health (new section under Examples Section)
editThe social determinants of health are the economic and social conditions that influence individual and group differences in health status.[1] Those conditions may have adverse effects on their health and well-being. To mitigate those adverse effects, certain health policies like the United States Affordable Care Act (2010) gave increased traction to preventative programs, such as those that routinely screen for social determinants of health.[2] Screening is believed to a valuable tool in identifying patients' basic needs in a social determinants of health framework so that they can be better served.[3][4]
Policy Background in the United States
editWhen established in the United States, the Affordable Care Act was able to bridge the gap between community-based health and healthcare as a medical treatment, leading to programs that screened for SDH.[2] The Affordable Care Act established several services with an eye for social determinants or an openness to more diverse clientele, such as Community Transformation Grants, which were delegated to the community in order to establish "preventative community health activities" and "address health disparities".[5]
Clinical Programs
editSocial determinants of health include social status, gender, ethnicity, economic status, education level, access to services, education, immigrant status, upbringing, and much, much more.[6][7] Several clinics across the United States have employed a system in which they screen patients for certain risk factors related to social determinants of health.[8] In such cases, it is done as a preventative tool in order to mitigate any detrimental effects of prolonged exposure to certain risk factors, or to simply begin remedying the adverse effects already faced by certain individuals.[4][9] They can be structured in different ways, for example, online or in person, and yield different outcomes based on the patient's responses.[4] Some programs, like the FIND Desk at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, employ screening for social determinants of health in order to connect their patients with social services and community resources that may provide patients greater autonomy and mobility.[10]
- ^ Braveman, P. and Gottlieb, L., 2014. The social determinants of health: it's time to consider the causes of the causes. Public health reports, 129(1_suppl2), pp.19-31.
- ^ a b Heiman, Harry J., and Samantha Artiga. "Beyond Health Care: The Role of Social Determinants in Promoting Health and Health Equity." Health 20.10 (2015): 1-10.
- ^ Shekarchi, Amy, et al. “Social Determinant of Health Screening in a Safety Net Pediatric Primary Care Clinic.” American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1 May 2018, pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/142/1_MeetingAbstract/748.
- ^ a b c Gottlieb, Laura; Hessler, Danielle; Long, Dayna; Amaya, Anais; Adler, Nancy (2014-12). "A Randomized Trial on Screening for Social Determinants of Health: the iScreen Study". Pediatrics. 134 (6): e1611–e1618. doi:10.1542/peds.2014-1439. ISSN 0031-4005.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ United States. Department of Health and Human Services, author. HHS action plan to reduce racial and ethnic health disparities : a nation free of disparities in health and health care. OCLC 872276544.
{{cite book}}:|last=has generic name (help) - ^ Dasgupta, Rajib (2009). Cook, Harold J.; Bhattacharya, Sanjoy; Hardy, Anne (eds.). "Making Sense of Social Determinants". Economic and Political Weekly. 44 (23): 30–32. ISSN 0012-9976.
- ^ Singh, Gopal; Daus, Gem; Allender, Michelle; Ramey, Christine; Martin, Elijah; Perry, Chrisp; Reyes, Andrew; Vedamuthu, Ivy (2017). "Social Determinants of Health in the United States: Addressing Major Health Inequality Trends for the Nation, 1935-2016". International Journal of MCH and AIDS (IJMA). 6 (2). doi:10.21106/ijma.236. ISSN 2161-8674.
- ^ Billioux, Alexander; Verlander, Katherine; Anthony, Susan; Alley, Dawn (2017-05-30). "Standardized Screening for Health-Related Social Needs in Clinical Settings: The Accountable Health Communities Screening Tool". NAM Perspectives. 7 (5). doi:10.31478/201705b. ISSN 2578-6865.
- ^ Foy, Jane Meschan (2010-06). "Enhancing Pediatric Mental Health Care: Algorithms for Primary Care". Pediatrics. 125 (Supplement 3): S109–S125. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-0788f. ISSN 0031-4005.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland". UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland. Retrieved 2020-04-29.