German submarine U-1018 was a German Type VIIC/41 U-boat, built during World War II for service in the Battle of the Atlantic. The U-boat was fitted with the Schnorchel underwater-breathing apparatus which enabled her to stay under-water for extended periods thus avoiding detection by enemy warships.[1]
| History | |
|---|---|
 Nazi Germany | |
| Name | U-1018 |
| Ordered | 23 March 1942 |
| Builder | Blohm & Voss, Hamburg |
| Yard number | 218 |
| Laid down | 16 April 1943 |
| Launched | 1 March 1944 |
| Commissioned | 24 April 1944 |
| Fate | Sunk on 27 February 1945 in the English Channel south of Penzance by depth charges from the British frigate HMS Loch Fada. 51 dead and 2 survivors. |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Type VIIC/41 submarine |
| Displacement | |
| Length |
|
| Beam |
|
| Height | 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in) |
| Draught | 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in) |
| Installed power |
|
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
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| Range | |
| Test depth |
|
| Complement | 44-52 officers & ratings |
| Armament |
|
| Service record | |
| Part of: |
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| Identification codes: | M 22 623 |
| Commanders: |
|
| Operations: |
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| Victories: |
1 merchant ship sunk (1,317 GRT) |
Design
editGerman Type VIIC/41 submarines were preceded by the heavier Type VIIC submarines. U-1018 had a displacement of 759 tonnes (747 long tons) when at the surface and 860 tonnes (850 long tons) while submerged.[2] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two Brown, Boveri & Cie GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[2]
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).[2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-1018 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Flak M42 and two 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.[2]
Service history
editShe was completed in Hamburg in April 1944, and spent the rest of 1944 training with the 31st U-boat Flotilla. An accident took place during U-1018's work-up period in the Baltic on 17 June which killed one crew member (Obersteuermann Walter Nellsen) and wounded two.[3] In December 1944, she was moved from Kiel to Horten Naval Base in Norway to join 11th U-boat Flotilla, before departing on 21 January 1945 to patrol the Western Approaches of the English Channel under the command of Kapitänleutnant Walter Burmeister.[4]
Combat role
editOn 27 February 1945 she attacked convoy BTC 81 about seven miles from Lizard Point, Cornwall (at 49°55′N 05°22′W / 49.917°N 5.367°W).[5] U-1018 launched a torpedo which hit the Norwegian freighter Corvus which sank within a few minutes,[6] resulting in the death of five of the freighter's Norwegian crew, a 16-year-old British cabin boy, Thomas Boniface, and two British Royal Navy gunners, (part of the DEMS gun crew) including former professional footballer Charlie Sillett.[7]
The convoy escort ships immediately launched heavy counter-attacks. Less than two hours later, U-1018 was sunk by depth charges dropped by HMS Loch Fada under the command of Cdr. Benjamin Andrew Rogers, RD, RNR. Only two members of the crew of 53 survived.[3]
Summary of raiding history
edit| Date | Ship Name | Nationality | Tonnage (GRT) | Fate[8] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 February 1945 | Corvus |  Norway
|
1,317 | Sunk |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Schnorchel". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 22 February 2009.
- ^ a b c d Gröner 1991, pp. 43–46.
- ^ a b Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC/41 boat U-1018". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrols by U-1018". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 21 February 2009.
- ^ "Today in History: February 27". seawaves.com. 27 February 2008. Archived from the original on 6 January 2009. Retrieved 21 February 2009.
- ^ "DS Corvus – Final Fate". warsailors.com. 30 July 2008. Retrieved 21 February 2009.
- ^ "DS Corvus – crew list". warsailors.com. 30 July 2008. Retrieved 21 February 2009.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-1018". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
Bibliography
edit- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
- Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). German Warships 1815–1945, U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
External links
edit- Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VII/C41 boat U-1018". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.