Trifluorosilane is the chemical compound with the formula F3HSi. At standard temperature and pressure, trifluorosilane is a colorless gas.[1] Note that the free radical F3Si is often also referred to as trifluorosilane, although more properly referred to as trifluorosilyl.
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| IUPAC name
Trifluorosilane
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| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |||
| HF3Si | |||
| Molar mass | 86.09 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
| Density | 1.86 g/cm3 | ||
| Melting point | −131 °C (−204 °F; 142 K) | ||
| Boiling point | −97.5 °C (−143.5 °F; 175.7 K) | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Preparation
editTrifluorosilane has been purified and separated by low-temperature high-vacuum distillation. One preparation method involves products of the reaction between SbF3 and HSiCl3.[2] HSiCl3 is obtained by copper catalyzed reaction between HCl and Silicon at 200-400 °C.
Formation has also been reported in certain etching operations of silicon.[3]
Properties
editThe electric dipole moment of trifluorosilane is 1.26 debye.[4] The length of the silicon to fluorine bond is 1.555 Å, Si-H length is 1.55 Å, and ∠FSiF is 110°.[5]
References
edit- ^ Perry, Dale L. (2011-06-15). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Second Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 9781439814628.
- ^ Zuckerman, J. J. (2009-09-17). Inorganic Reactions and Methods, The Formation of Bonds to Halogens. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470145388.
- ^ Lippold, Marcus; Böhme, Uwe; Gondek, Christoph; Kronstein, Martin; Patzig-Klein, Sebastian; Weser, Martin; Kroke, Edwin (December 2012). "Etching Silicon with HF-HNO 3 -H 2 SO 4 /H 2 O Mixtures - Unprecedented Formation of Trifluorosilane, Hexafluorodisiloxane, and Si-F Surface Groups". European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2012 (34): 5714–5721. doi:10.1002/ejic.201200674. ISSN 1434-1948. Retrieved 2014-08-27.
- ^ Ghosh, S. N.; Trambarulo, Ralph; Gordy, Walter (February 1953). "Electric Dipole Moments of Several Molecules from the Stark Effect". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 21 (2): 308–310. Bibcode:1953JChPh..21..308G. doi:10.1063/1.1698877.
- ^ Sheridan, John; Gordy, Walter (1 March 1950). "Microwave Spectra and Molecular Constants of Trifluorosilane Derivatives. Si F 3 H, Si F 3 C H 3 , Si F 3 Cl, and Si F 3 Br". Physical Review. 77 (5): 719. Bibcode:1950PhRv...77..719S. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.77.719.
Further reading
edit- Demaison, J.; Margulès, L.; Breidung, J.; Thiel, W.; Bürger, H. (10 November 1999). "Ab initio anharmonic force field, spectroscopic parameters and equilibrium structure of trifluorosilane". Molecular Physics. 97 (9): 1053–1067. Bibcode:1999MolPh..97.1053D. doi:10.1080/00268979909482906.