Faustin-Archange Touadéra (French: [fostɛ̃ aʁkɑ̃ʒ twadeʁa]; born 21 April 1957)[2] is a Central African politician and academic who has been President of the Central African Republic since March 2016. He previously was Prime Minister of the Central African Republic from January 2008 to January 2013. In the December 2015 – February 2016 presidential election, he was elected to the presidency in a second round of voting against former prime minister Anicet Georges Dologuélé. He was re-elected for a second term on 27 December 2020.
Faustin-Archange Touadéra | |
|---|---|
 Touadéra in 2019 | |
| 8th President of the Central African Republic | |
| Assumed office 30 March 2016 | |
| Prime Minister | Simplice Sarandji Firmin Ngrébada Henri-Marie Dondra Félix Moloua |
| Preceded by | Catherine Samba-Panza |
| Prime Minister of the Central African Republic | |
| In office 22 January 2008 – 17 January 2013 | |
| President | François Bozizé |
| Preceded by | Élie Doté |
| Succeeded by | Nicolas Tiangaye |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 21 April 1957 Bangui, Ubangi-Shari (present-day Central African Republic) |
| Political party | United Hearts Movement (2019–present) |
| Other political affiliations | Independent (2015–2019) Kwa na Kwa (before 2015) |
| Spouse(s) | Brigitte Touadéra Tina Touadéra |
| Children | 3[1] |
| Alma mater | University of Bangui (BSc) University of Cocody (MSc) University of Lille (PhD) University of Yaoundé I (PhD) |
| Signature |  |
| Website | Official website |
Early life and education
editTouadéra was born in Bangui;[1] the son of a driver and a farmer,[2] his family was originally from Damara, to the north of Bangui.[3] He received his secondary education at the Barthelemy Boganda College in Bangui and obtained a baccalaureate in 1976,[1] before attending the University of Bangui and the University of Abidjan. He earned a mathematics doctorate in 1986, supervised by Daniel Gourdin at the Lille University of Science and Technology (Lille I) in France[4] and another doctorate, also in mathematics, supervised by Marcel Dossa[5] at the University of Yaoundé I in Cameroon in 2004.[6]
Academic career
editIn 1987, he became assistant lecturer of mathematics at the University of Bangui and was vice-dean of the university's Faculty of Science from 1989 to 1992.[6] In the latter year he became director of the teachers' training college. He joined the Inter-State Committee for the Standardisation of Mathematics Programs in the French-speaking countries and the Indian Ocean (CIEHPM) in 1999, serving as the president of the Committee from 2001 to 2003. He became vice chancellor of the University of Bangui in May 2004.[2] Touadéra subsequently served as rector of the university from 2005 to 2008, during which time he launched several key initiatives, such as the entrepreneurship training program and the creation of the Euclid Consortium.[7]
Political career
editPrime minister
editTouadéra was appointed prime minister by President François Bozizé on 22 January 2008, following the resignation of Élie Doté.[8] His government, composed of 29 members—four ministers of state, 17 ministers, and seven minister delegates, along with himself—was appointed on 28 January.[9]
A national dialogue was held in December 2008, and Bozizé then dissolved Touadéra's government on 18 January 2009 in preparation for the formation of a government of national unity.[10] Touadéra was reappointed prime minister on 19 January. Later on the same day, his new 31-minister government was appointed, with only 10 ministers retaining their posts; many former rebels were included in the new line-up to prepare the country for the 2009 local elections and the 2010 presidential and parliamentary polls.[11]
Following a peace deal between the Bozizé government and the Séléka rebel coalition in January 2013, Bozizé dismissed Touadéra on 12 January 2013, in accordance with the terms of the agreement, which required that a new prime minister be appointed from the political opposition.[12]
Later, Touadéra announced his intention to stand as an independent candidate in the October 2015 presidential election.[13]
EUCLID involvement and High Steward
editIn 2008, the Euclid Consortium initiative hosted by the University of Bangui led to the formation of an intergovernmental university named EUCLID (Euclid University) (French: Pôle Universitaire Euclide). In his capacity as prime minister, Touadera signed the instrument of participation for the Central African Republic in May 2010. His chief of cabinet, Simplice Sarandji also signed the headquarters agreement for EUCLID in March 2011.
In April 2012, Touadera personally presided over a graduation ceremony in New York, at the Permanent Mission of the Central African Republic to the United Nations, for a graduating diplomat of Burundi. After his tenure as prime minister, Touadera became EUCLID's High Steward, an honorary role.[14]
President
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Touadéra stood as a candidate in the December 2015–February 2016 presidential election. After finishing second in the first round of voting, he received the support of the majority of defeated candidates for the second round, which he won with 62% of the vote. He was sworn in on 30 March 2016. Speaking on the occasion, he vowed to pursue disarmament and "make CAR a united country, a country of peace, a country facing development".[15] He appointed Simplice Sarandji as prime minister on 2 April 2016. Sarandji was Touadéra's campaign manager during the election and Touadéra's chief of staff during his own time as prime minister.[16][17]
After he was sworn into office, France confirmed that it would end its military intervention in Central African Republic. France had around 2,500 troops deployed in the country as part of Operation Sangaris, supporting about 10,000 United Nations peacekeepers.[18] Without France's support, Touadéra faced the immediate challenge of maintaining security in major cities.[18]
The Central African Republic saw a 36 percent drop in its gross domestic product in 2013. The economy has slowly grown since then, but with the agricultural sector — the main contributor to GDP — still struggling, the government is struggling to raise revenue.[18]
In December 2022, he attended the United States–Africa Leaders Summit 2022 and met with US president Joe Biden.[19]
Touadéra's personal security detail is reportedly composed of members of the Russian Wagner Group.[20] In July 2023, Touadéra attended the 2023 Russia–Africa Summit in Saint Petersburg and met Russian President Vladimir Putin. Touadéra expressed support for Russia, saying that Russia "had helped to save its democracy and prevent a civil war".[21] Also during the month, Touadéra called for a referendum to abolish term limits (at the time set to two five-year terms), while also increasing the length of the term to seven years. Without the change, Touadéra would have been term-limited and ineligible to stand at the next presidential election. In order to hold the referendum, Touadéra sacked the head of the constitutional court in October 2022, which had previously ruled the referendum unconstitutional.[22][23] The referendum was boycotted by the opposition.
Ministry
editHe was a deacon in a Baptist church of the Fraternal Union of Baptist Churches,[24] and is still a member of this union.[25]
Personal life
editTouadéra is married to two women, Brigitte Touadéra and Marguerite "Tina" Touadéra.[26] Both wives had reportedly been vying for the title of First Lady of the Central African Republic behind the scenes.[26] Touadéra has three children.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d Ngoulou, Fridolin (22 February 2016). "Qui est le nouveau président centrafricain Faustin Archange Touadera ?" (in French). RJDH. Archived from the original on 1 March 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
- ^ a b c Duhem, Vincent (22 February 2016). "Centrafrique : cinq choses à savoir sur Faustin-Archange Touadéra". Jeune Afrique (in French).
- ^ Tshitenge Lubabu M.K., "Faustin-Archange Touadéra", Jeune Afrique, 15 June 2008 (in French).
- ^ Touadera, Faustin (1986). Problème de Cauchy matriciels C∞ et dans les espaces de Sobolev à caractéristiques multiples [Matrix Cauchy problems with multiple characteristics in C∞ and Sobolev spaces] (Thèse de 3e cycle [Doctoral Thesis]). Université Lille I. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013.
- ^ jaming. "IMHOTEP". Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
- ^ a b "Central African Republic swears in new president". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
- ^ Erisman, Al (1 October 2007). "Update: Return to the Central African Republic". Ethix.org. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ "Centrafrique: le recteur de l'université de Bangui nommé Premier ministre" Archived 21 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, AFP, 22 January 2008 (in French).
- ^ Bozize, François (28 January 2008). "Décret 08.025 du 28 Janvier 2008, portant nomination des Members du Gouvernement et ses modificatifs subséquents". Journal Official de la Republique Centrafricaine (in French).
- ^ "Central African Republic president dissolves government". ABC News. Agence France-Presse. 18 January 2009. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ Bozize, François (19 January 2009). "Décret n°09.018 du 19 janvier 2009, portant nomination des membres du Gouvernement". Journal Official de la Republique Centrafricaine.
- ^ "Central African opposition names Tiangaye as new PM". Modern Ghana. Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ "Exiled Central African leader Bozize to stand at election". Reuters. 11 August 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ University, Euclid. "EUCLID News and Events".
- ^ "Central African Republic's president vows peace, reforms at inauguration", Reuters, 30 March 2016.
- ^ "Central African president names PM in decree: radio". Reuters. 2 April 2016. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ "Centrafrique : Sarandji nommé Premier ministre". BBC News Afrique (in French). 2 April 2016. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ a b c Winsor, Morgan (30 March 2016). "Central African Republic's New President Touadera In Uphill Battle Against Warring Muslim, Christian Militias". International Business Times. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ "Africa: Heads of Delegation for U.S–Africa Leaders Summit – White House". AllAfrica. 13 December 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
- ^ Hauer, Neil (27 August 2018). "Russia's Favorite Mercenaries". The Atlantic.
Wagner appears to have tapped this possibility at the highest level, reportedly serving as CAR President Faustin-Archange Touadera's personal security detail.
- ^ "African leaders tell Putin: 'We have a right to call for peace'". Reuters. 29 July 2023.
- ^ "In Central African Republic, government removes two constitutional court judges after judgment seen as blocking president's plans to bypass term limits". Reuters. 31 October 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2023 – via ConstitutionNet.
- ^ "République centrafricaine : Le référendum présente des risques". Human Rights Watch (in French). 5 June 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
- ^ Vincent Hugeux, Faustin-Archange Touadéra: "Réconcilier les Centrafricains", lexpress.fr, France, May 29, 2016
- ^ Ornella K., Centrafrique : S.E TOUADERA, impliqué dans la promotion de la culture religieuse, lavoixdafrique.info, August 23, 2022
- ^ a b "Centrafrique: Brigitte et Tina Touadéra, la bataille de l'ombre pour la place de première dame". Koaci.com. 20 March 2017. Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
