John Brydges, 1st Baron Chandos

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John Brydges, 1st Baron Chandos (9 March 1492 – 12 April 1557[1]) was an English courtier, Member of Parliament and later peer. His last name is also sometimes spelt Brugge or Bruges.[2] He was a prominent figure at the English court during the reigns of Kings Henry VIII and Edward VI and of Queen Mary I.[3]

John Brydges
Brydges with Lady Jane Grey at her execution
Lieutenant of the Tower of London
In office
1554–1554
MonarchMary I
Preceded bySir Edward Warner
Succeeded bySir Thomas Brydges
Groom of the Chamber
In office
1539–1539
MonarchHenry VIII
Constable of Sudeley Castle
In office
1538–1557
Succeeded byEdmund Brydges, 2nd Baron Chandos
High Sheriff of Wiltshire
In office
1537–1537
Preceded bySir Henry Long
Succeeded bySir Anthony Hungerford
Personal details
Born9 March 1492
Old Coberley Hall, Coberley, Gloucestershire
Died12 April 1557
Sudeley Castle
SpouseElizabeth Gray
Children
Parents
Military service
AllegianceKingdom of England
Battles/warsWar of the League of Cambrai

Italian War of 1542-46

Pilgrimage of Grace 1536

Wyatt's Rebellion 1554

Biography

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He was born at Coberley, Gloucestershire,[1] the son of Sir Giles Brydges[4] of Coberley (c. 1462 – 1511) and Isabel Baynham. His father was a knight of the body to Henry VII and his brother Thomas Brydges of Cornbury, Oxfordshire also held public office and served as an MP. Bridges inherited his father's Oxfordshire and Wiltshire estates as a minor in 1511, and was for two years the ward of Sir Edward Darrell.

He was knighted in 1513 after serving in France with Charles Brandon at Terouenne and Tournai. He attended Henry VIII on all subsequent state occasions in England and France (presumably including the famous meeting with Francis I of France at the Field of the Cloth of Gold, where Gloucestershire was represented by, amongst others, a Sir John Brydges).

His election in 1529 as junior knight of the shire for Gloucestershire was a tribute to his standing both locally and at court, but it was doubtless assisted by his influential connections, through his mother with the Baynhams and through his wife with the noble house of Grey of Wilton.

Brydges was High Sheriff of Wiltshire for 1537,[1] and took part in suppressing the rebellion of Sir Thomas Wyatt in 1554.[4] As Lieutenant of the Tower of London during the earlier part of Queen Mary's reign, he had the custody not only of Lady Jane Grey and of Thomas Wyatt, but for a short time, of the Queen's half-sister as well, the Princess Elizabeth Tudor (who would later become Queen Elizabeth I of England).[4]

In 1554, Queen Mary I gave Sudeley Castle to John Brydges and created him Baron Chandos of Sudeley on 8 April 1554.[2] The castle remained his property throughout her reign and the reign of Queen Elizabeth I as well and then passed down to his descendants. It was at Sudeley Castle that Queen Elizabeth was entertained three times. Also, later on in 1592, a spectacular three-day feast was held there to celebrate the anniversary of the defeat of the Spanish Armada.

Family

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It was around 1512 when Brydges married Elizabeth Grey, daughter of Edmund Grey, 9th Baron Grey de Wilton (died 1511), and Florence Hastings, eldest daughter of Sir Ralph Hastings.[5] They had eleven children.

Their son Edmund succeeded to the Chandos barony on his father's death.[3] Their son Charles married Jane, daughter of Sir Edward Carne.[6] Their daughter Katherine became a gentlewoman to Mary I,[7] and married Edward Sutton, 4th Baron Dudley.[8]

Death

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Sudeley Castle, Gloucestershire

He died at Sudeley Castle on 12 April 1557[2] and was buried with heraldic ceremony on 3 May in Sudeley Church.[9] His will, dated 2 March 1556,[1] was proved on 28 May 1557.[2][10] In his will, he styles himself as Sir John Bruges, Knight, Lord Chandos of Sudeley.

 
Church at Sudeley Castle

Lady Chandos died on 29 December 1559 and was buried on 6 January 1560.[11]

Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d Kirk & Dale 1982.
  2. ^ a b c d Cokayne III 1913, p. 126.
  3. ^ a b Lee 1886, pp. 163–164.
  4. ^ a b c Chisholm 1911.
  5. ^ Richardson IV 2011, pp. 350–1.
  6. ^ Cokayne II 1902, p. 15.
  7. ^ Ros King, The Collected Works of Richard Edwards: Politics, Poetry and Performance in Sixteenth-Century England (Manchester, 2001), pp. 19, 188, 232.
  8. ^ Cokayne IV 1916, pp. 481–482.
  9. ^ Machyn 1848, pp. 133, 356.
  10. ^ Public Record Office, prob. 11/30
  11. ^ "Notes to the diary: 1560 Pages 378-383 The Diary of Henry Machyn, Citizen and Merchant-Taylor of London, 1550-1563". British History Online. Camden Society, 1848. Retrieved 23 November 2022.

References

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Attribution

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Peerage of England
New creation Baron Chandos
2nd creation
1554–1557
Succeeded by