The Scottish Democratic Fascist Party (SDFP) or Scottish Fascist Democratic Party[1][2] was a political party in Scotland. It was founded in 1933 out of the Scottish section of the New Party by William Weir Gilmour and Major Hume Sleigh.[3][4][5]
Scottish Democratic Fascist Party | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | SDFP |
| Leader | William Weir Gilmour |
| Founded | 1933 |
| Split from | New Party (UK) |
| Preceded by | Scottish Protestant League, Protestant Action Society |
| Headquarters | Edinburgh, Scotland |
| Newspaper | Commonwealth |
| Ideology | Fascism Scottish nationalism Scottish independence Fascist corporatism Anti-Catholicism Anti-Irish sentiment Anti-capitalism Anti-communism Antisemitism |
| Political position | Far-right |
| Religion | Protestantism |
Party platform
editThe party charter emphasised:[5]
- "absolute independence and self-government for Scotland"
- establishment of a Scottish Corporate Commonwealth
- a Scottish Parliament based on industrial representation
- establishment of a permanent Empire and Colonial Secretariat
- prohibition of Irish migration to Scotland
- expulsion of Catholic religious orders and their members from Scotland
- repeal of the Education (Scotland) Act 1918 (which allowed Catholic schools into the state system funded through education rates).[3]
No Catholics were permitted to join the SDFP.[6] The party explained their anti-Catholic rationale as being that the party was "Scotland First", whereas Catholics were dismissed by the party as owing their allegiance to the Pope.[5]
The party alleged that it did not wish to establish a dictatorship.[5] While not publicly advocating violence, the party had a "Defence Corp" to keep order at party meetings. Members of the Defence Corp wore black shirts, whilst the party uniform was a blue shirt.[5]
Later in 1933 the party removed the more anti-Catholic elements from its platform, resulting in Alexander Ratcliffe (leader of the Scottish Protestant League) leaving the party. The party folded soon afterwards.[7]
Party organ
editThe monthly Commonwealth was launched as the SDFP organ on Monday 12 June 1933.[5] Only two issues were published though, and the party failed to attract wide support.[3]
Relations with the BUF
editDespite being formed out of the Scottish section of Oswald Mosley's New Party, the SDFP was at odds with Mosley's larger British Union of Fascists, particularly over the issue of Catholicism. In contrast to the SDFP, the BUF was accepting of Catholics, with Catholics making up a high percentage[citation needed] of the BUF membership, particularly in Northern England. This led to William Weir Gilmour denouncing the BUF as "run by Roman Catholics, organised by Roman Catholics, in the interests of Roman Catholics." Gilmour later opined that the SDFP's virulent anti-Catholicism may have unintentionally undermined fascism in Scotland by putting off prospective Catholic recruits.[8]
References
edit
- ^ G. Bowd, Fascist Scotland - Caledonia and the Far Right, Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2013, pp. 32-34
- ^ T. Linehan, British Fascism 1918-39: Parties, Ideology and Culture, Manchester University Press, 2000, p. 133
- ^ a b c Kushner, Tony, and Kenneth Lunn. Traditions of Intolerance: Historical Perspectives on Fascism and Race Discourse in Britain. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1989. p. 199
- ^ Gallagher, Tom. Edinburgh Divided: John Cormack and No Popery in the 1930s. Edinburgh: Polygon, 1987. p. 204
- ^ a b c d e f The Scotsman - Monday 12 June 1933 pg.7
- ^ Villis, Tom (2013). British Catholics and Fascism: Religious Identity and Political Extremism Between the Wars. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 66. ISBN 978-1-137-27419-9.
- ^ Blackshirts in Red Scotland: an analysis of fascism and its opponents in inter-war Scotland (PDF) (MA). University of Glasgow. February 2012. 0806402.
- ^ Villis, Tom (2013). British Catholics and Fascism: Religious Identity and Political Extremism Between the Wars. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-137-27419-9.