SCY1-like 1 (S. cerevisiae), also known as SCYL1, is a human gene which is highly conserved throughout evolution.[5][6]

SCYL1
Identifiers
AliasesSCYL1, GKLP, NKTL, NTKL, P105, TAPK, TEIF, TRAP, HT019, SCAR21, SCY1 like pseudokinase 1
External IDsOMIM: 607982; MGI: 1931787; HomoloGene: 6947; GeneCards: SCYL1; OMA:SCYL1 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001048218
NM_020680

NM_023912
NM_001361921
NM_001361922

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001041683
NP_065731

NP_076401
NP_001348850
NP_001348851

Location (UCSC)Chr 11: 65.53 – 65.54 MbChr 19: 5.81 – 5.82 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

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This gene encodes a transcriptional regulator belonging to the SCY1-like family of kinase-like proteins. The protein has a divergent N-terminal kinase domain that is thought to be catalytically inactive, and can bind specific DNA sequences through its C-terminal domain. It activates transcription of the telomerase reverse transcriptase and DNA polymerase beta genes. The protein has been localized to the nucleus, and also to the cytoplasm and centrosomes during mitosis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. At least three of the transcripts code for a protein containing all exons, referred to as full-length (FL).[5]

The mouse homolog of FL-Scyl1 is 90% identical and 93% similar in amino acid content to human FL-Scyl1. In Mus Musculus FL-Scyl1 encodes an 806-amino acid polypeptide. The FL protein contains HEAT repeats and a C-terminal coiled coil domain that also contains multiple dibasic motifs, and ends in the dibasic motif RKLD-COOH.

Scyl1 localizes to the cis-Golgi and ER-Golgi Intermediate Compartment (ERGIC). Scyl1 binds to Coatomer I (COPI) and colocalizes with beta-COPI and ERGIC53. siRNA mediated knockdown of the protein disrupted retrograde flow of the KDEL receptor from the Golgi to the ER.[7] Furthermore, Scyl1 localization in rat hippocampal neurons also demonstrates a similar relationship to COPI.[8]

Clinical significance

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Mutations in Scyl1 are the genetic defect resulting in the phenotype of muscle deficient mice (mdf mice) that suffer from a progressive neurodegeneration of the cerebellum and lower motor neurons. Mdf mice model human spinocerebellar ataxia type disorders.[9]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000142186Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024941Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: SCYL1 SCY1-like 1 (S. cerevisiae)".
  6. ^ Liu SC, Lane WS, Lienhard GE (December 2000). "Cloning and preliminary characterization of a 105 kDa protein with an N-terminal kinase-like domain". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1517 (1): 148–52. doi:10.1016/S0167-4781(00)00234-7. PMID 11118629.
  7. ^ Burman JL, Bourbonniere L, Philie J, Stroh T, Dejgaard SY, Presley JF, McPherson PS (August 2008). "Scyl1, mutated in a recessive form of spinocerebellar neurodegeneration, regulates COPI-mediated retrograde traffic". J. Biol. Chem. 283 (33): 22774–86. doi:10.1074/jbc.M801869200. PMID 18556652.
  8. ^ Burman JL, Bourbonniere L, Philie J, Stroh T, Dejgaard SY, Presley JF, McPherson PS (2008-08-15). "Hippocampal neurons stained for Scyl1 and clathrin adaptor protein-1". JBC -- About the Cover. Journal of Biological Chemistry. Archived from the original on October 10, 2008. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
  9. ^ Schmidt WM, Kraus C, Höger H, Hochmeister S, Oberndorfer F, Branka M, Bingemann S, Lassmann H, Müller M, Macedo-Souza LI, Vainzof M, Zatz M, Reis A, Bittner RE (July 2007). "Mutation in the Scyl1 gene encoding amino-terminal kinase-like protein causes a recessive form of spinocerebellar neurodegeneration". EMBO Rep. 8 (7): 691–7. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401001. PMC 1905899. PMID 17571074.

Further reading

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