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In molecular biology, the SAG1 protein domain is an example of a group of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked proteins named SRSs (SAG1 related sequence).[1] SAG1 is found on the surface of a protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. This parasite infects almost any warm-blooded vertebrate. The surface of T. gondii is coated with a family of developmentally regulated glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked proteins (SRSs), of which SAG1 is the prototypic member.[2]
| Surface Antigen 1 (SAG1) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Structure of the immunodominant epitope displayed by the Surface Antigen 1 (SAG1) of Toxoplasma gondii complexed to a monoclonal antibody. | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | SAG | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF04092 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR007226 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1kzq / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Function
editSAG1 and the rest of the SRS protein family mediate cell adhesion to the host cell. They also recognise heparin sulphate proteoglycans, which are part of the Extracellular matrix.[3]
Structure
editThe structure of the immunodominant SAG1 antigen reveals a homodimeric configuration.[3] This family of surface antigens is found in other apicomplexans. This particular antigen contains many cysteine residues which lead to disulphide bridge formation.[2]
N-terminal domain
editThis domain has a sequence length of at least 130 amino acids which fold to give a beta sheet sandwich.[1]
C terminal domain
editThis protein domain contains 120 amino acids.[1]
SRS fold
editThere is a fold within this structure which is conserved amongst SRS proteins, and therefore named the SRS fold. The role of this fold is to aid the binding to cells, and promote infection within the host organism. The structure of this fold is analogous to the topology of the cupredoxin, azurin, a form of copper binding protein.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d He XL, Grigg ME, Boothroyd JC, Garcia KC (2002). "Structure of the immunodominant surface antigen from the Toxoplasma gondii SRS superfamily". Nat Struct Biol. 9 (8): 606–11. doi:10.1038/nsb819. PMID 12091874. S2CID 527217.
- ^ a b Cesbron-Delauw MF, Tomavo S, Beauchamps P, Fourmaux MP, Camus D, Capron A, et al. (1994). "Similarities between the primary structures of two distinct major surface proteins of Toxoplasma gondii". J Biol Chem. 269 (23): 16217–22. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)33995-9. PMID 8206924.
- ^ a b Swirnoff AH, Apel ED, Svaren J, Sevetson BR, Zimonjic DB, Popescu NC, Milbrandt J (January 1998). "Nab1, a corepressor of NGFI-A (Egr-1), contains an active transcriptional repression domain". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (1): 512–24. doi:10.1128/MCB.18.1.512. PMC 115883. PMID 9418898.