SS Rosalind was a passenger and cargo carrying ship that was operated by the Red Cross Line between New York and St John's, sailing along the northeast coast of North America, in the early part of the twentieth century. Originally named Tosari when she was launched in 1890, she was renamed Admiral after a year when she was bought by Deutsche Ost-Afrika Linie. She joined the Red Cross Line in 1902 and worked the route for twelve years, with a short break in 1912 working in Australia when she was renamed City of Sydney, finally colliding with Shag Rock off the coast of Nova Scotia and sinking on 17 March 1914. She is known as the ship after which Rosalind Russell is named.
| History | |
|---|---|
| Name | Rosalind |
| Operator |
|
| Builder | Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson, Wallsend |
| Yard number | 159 |
| Launched | 30 October 1890 |
| Completed | December 1890 |
| Out of service | 17 March 1914 |
| Fate | Wrecked off the coast of Halifax 17 March 1914 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Passenger and cargo ship |
| Tonnage | |
| Length | 300 ft 4 in (91.54 m) |
| Beam | 41 ft 1 in (12.52 m) |
| Draught | 21 ft 6 in (6.55 m) |
| Propulsion | Three cylinder compound, 319 hp (238 kW), single propeller |
| Speed | 11 kn (20 km/h) |
| Crew | 50 |
Design edit
Rosalind was a steamship built of steel, constructed by Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson of Wallsend on the River Tyne.[1] The vessel was assessed at 2568 Gross register tonnage and 1634 net register tonnage.[2] The ship was 300 ft 4 in (91.54 m) long overall, with a beam of 41 ft 1 in (12.52 m) and a draught of 21 ft 6 in (6.55 m).[3] She was powered by a single three cylinder triple-expansion compound steam engine which drove a single propeller to give a cruising speed of 11 kn (20 km/h), and carried both passengers and cargo.[1]
Career edit
Launched on 30 October 1890, the ship was first named Tosari after the village in Java and joined the fleet of Dampfschiffs Rhederei zu Hamburg.[3] However, within a year the company sold the vessel to Deutsche Ost-Afrika Linie who renamed her Admiral.[4]
Between 1902 and 1912, the ship was operated by Bowring Brothers on the Red Cross Line. The line had a tradition of naming their ships after characters from Shakespeare's plays, and so renamed Admiral after Rosalind in As You Like It.[5] The ship provided a premium service for passengers to travel between St. John's and New York via Halifax.[6] The service was a popular attraction for the views that passengers saw on the journey as much as its destinations.[7] It was while travelling on this service that James and Clara Russell decided to name their daughter after the ship; Rosalind Russell continued to treasure a picture of the ship during her film career.[5]
In 1912, Rosalind was sold to the St Lawrence Shipping Company and renamed City of Sydney. Unfortunately, she was involved in a collision with the tug Douglas H Thomas in Sydney Harbour which killed five people.[1] Soon afterwards, she resumed work with the Red Cross Line and was back in the coastal waters of the Western Atlantic Ocean.[2]
Loss edit
On 17 March 1914, the vessel was sailing from New York to Halifax carrying eleven passengers and a cargo of coal.[1] Due to fog, as she approached her destination, she struck Shag Island near Sambro, Nova Scotia and, although everyone on board and much of the cargo was saved, the ship itself was lost.[2]
Legacy edit
The ship was not the only Rosalind operated by Bowring. The company operated two more vessels named Rosalind, one from 1913 to 1917 and another 1919 to 1928.[8]
References edit
- ^ a b c d Lettens, Jan (8 April 2015). "SS City of Sydney (+1914)". wrecksite.eu. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ a b c "Coal and Shipping". The Nautical Gazette. 85: 6. 25 March 1914. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ a b Kresse, Walter (1964). Aus der Vergangenheit der Reiherstiegwerft in Hamburg (in German). Hamburg: Deutsche Werft Hamburg. p. 90.
- ^ Swiggum, Sue; Kohli, Marj (13 March 2008). "German East Africa Line / Woermann Line (Deutsche Ost-Afrika-Linie / Deutsche Africa-Linien / Woermann Linie)". The Ships List. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ a b O’Neill, Paul (1975). The Story of St John's Newfoundland. Vol. 2: A Seaport Legacy. Erin: Pree Porepic. p. 961. ISBN 9780888781109.
- ^ Grace, Michael L. (11 March 2011). "Newfoundland's RED CROSS STEAMSHIP LINE". Cruising the Past. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ Browne, Patrick William (1909). Where the Fishers Go:The Story of Labrador. Labrador: Cochrane. p. 332.
- ^ Swiggum, Sue; Kohli, Marj (10 September 2011). "C.T. Bowring & Company / Red Cross Line". The Ships List. Retrieved 4 October 2018.