Retorsion (from French: rétorsion, from Latin: retortus, influenced by Late Latin, 1585–1595, torsi, a twisting, wringing it),[1] a term used in international law, is an act perpetrated by one nation upon another in retaliation for a similar act perpetrated by the other nation. A typical example of retorsion is the use of comparably severe measures against citizens of the foreign nation found within the borders of the retaliating nation after the foreign nation has engaged in similar acts.[2][3] It is different from a reprisal in that the retorsion is always an action in conformity with international law, though unmistakably an unfriendly one. Examples include international trade, where disputes within the World Trade Organization are typically tackled in this manner, if dispute settlement does not reach its goal.
The term is also used to refer to the least aggressive response to a cyberattack.[4]
Retorsion also signifies the act by which an individual returns to his adversary evil for evil.[3]
See also
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References
edit- ^ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
- ^ Lehman, Jeffrey; Phelps, Shirelle (2005). West's Encyclopedia of American Law, Vol. 8 (2 ed.). Detroit: Thomson/Gale. p. 343. ISBN 9780787663742.
- ^ a b Bouvier, John; Rawle, Francis (1897). Bouvier's Law Dictionary. Boston: Boston Book Company.
- ^ "The Netherlands Releases a Tour de Force on International Law in Cyberspace". 14 October 2019.