Reticuline

Reticuline
Names
	IUPAC name 3,10-Dimethoxy-8,8a-secoberbine-2,9-diol
	Systematic IUPAC name (1S)-1-[(3-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-6-methoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-7-ol
Identifiers
CAS Number	485-19-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL401501 ;
ChemSpider	388724 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.006.920
KEGG	C02105 ;
PubChem CID	439653;
UNII	X35Z551WT4 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID001317199 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C19H23NO4/c1-20-7-6-13-10-19(24-3)17(22)11-14(13)15(20)8-12-4-5-18(23-2)16(21)9-12/h4-5,9-11,15,21-22H,6-8H2,1-3H3/t15-/m0/s1 Key: BHLYRWXGMIUIHG-HNNXBMFYSA-N ; InChI=1/C19H23NO4/c1-20-7-6-13-10-19(24-3)17(22)11-14(13)15(20)8-12-4-5-18(23-2)16(21)9-12/h4-5,9-11,15,21-22H,6-8H2,1-3H3/t15-/m0/s1 Key: BHLYRWXGMIUIHG-HNNXBMFYBI;
	SMILES CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C=C2[C@@H]1CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC)O)O)OC;
Properties
Chemical formula	C19H23NO4
Molar mass	329.396 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Reticuline is a chemical compound found in a variety of plants including Lindera aggregata,^[1] Annona squamosa,^[2] and Ocotea fasciculata (also known as Ocotea duckei).^[3]

Reticuline is one of the alkaloids found in opium, and experiments in rodents suggest it possesses potent central nervous system depressing effects.^[3] It is the precursor of morphine and many other alkaloids. It is also toxic to dopaminergic neurons causing a form of atypical parkinsonism known as Guadeloupean Parkinsonism.^[4]

Metabolism

3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase uses S-adenosyl methionine and 3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine to produce S-adenosylhomocysteine and (S)-reticuline.

Reticuline oxidase uses (S)-reticuline and O₂ to produce (S)-scoulerine and H₂O₂.

Salutaridine synthase uses (R)-reticuline, NADPH, H⁺, and O₂ to produce salutaridine, NADP⁺, and H₂O. Salutaridine can then be transformed progressively to thebaine, oripavine, and morphine.

1,2-dehydroreticulinium reductase (NADPH) uses (R)-reticuline and NADP⁺ to produce 1,2-dehydroreticulinium, NADPH, and H⁺.

References

^ Han, Zheng; Zheng, Yunliang; Chen, Na; Luan, Lianjun; Zhou, Changxin; Gan, Lishe; Wu, Yongjiang (2008). "Simultaneous determination of four alkaloids in Lindera aggregata by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry". Journal of Chromatography A. 1212 (1–2): 76–81. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.017. PMID 18951552.
^ Dholvitayakhun, Achara; Trachoo, Nathanon; Sakee, Uthai; et al. (2013). "Potential applications for Annona squamosa leaf extract in the treatment and prevention of foodborne bacterial disease". Natural Product Communications. 8 (3): 385–388. doi:10.1177/1934578X1300800327. PMID 23678817.
^ ^a ^b de Morais, Liana Clébia Soares Lima; Barbosa-Filho, José Maria; de Almeida, Reinaldo Nóbrega (1998). "Central depressant effects of reticuline extracted from Ocotea duckei in rats and mice". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 62 (1): 57–61. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00044-0. PMID 9720612.
^ Bradley's neurology in clinical practice. Daroff, Robert B.,, Jankovic, Joseph,, Mazziotta, John C.,, Pomeroy, Scott Loren,, Bradley, W. G. (Walter George) (Seventh ed.). London. 2015-10-25. ISBN 9780323339162. OCLC 932031625.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)

External links

The dictionary definition of reticuline at Wiktionary

[1] Han, Zheng; Zheng, Yunliang; Chen, Na; Luan, Lianjun; Zhou, Changxin; Gan, Lishe; Wu, Yongjiang (2008). "Simultaneous determination of four alkaloids in Lindera aggregata by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry". Journal of Chromatography A. 1212 (1–2): 76–81. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.017. PMID 18951552.

[pmid23678817-2] Dholvitayakhun, Achara; Trachoo, Nathanon; Sakee, Uthai; et al. (2013). "Potential applications for Annona squamosa leaf extract in the treatment and prevention of foodborne bacterial disease". Natural Product Communications. 8 (3): 385–388. doi:10.1177/1934578X1300800327. PMID 23678817.

[Morais-3] Morais, Liana Clébia Soares Lima; Barbosa-Filho, José Maria; de Almeida, Reinaldo Nóbrega (1998). "Central depressant effects of reticuline extracted from Ocotea duckei in rats and mice". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 62 (1): 57–61. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00044-0. PMID 9720612.

[4] Bradley's neurology in clinical practice. Daroff, Robert B.,, Jankovic, Joseph,, Mazziotta, John C.,, Pomeroy, Scott Loren,, Bradley, W. G. (Walter George) (Seventh ed.). London. 2015-10-25. ISBN 9780323339162. OCLC 932031625.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)

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