Pterostylis spathulata, commonly known as the spoon-lipped rufous greenhood[3] or Moora rustyhood,[4] is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. Both flowering and non-flowering plants have a relatively large rosette of leaves. Flowering plants also have up to ten or more white and green or brown flowers with fine, upturned tips on the lateral sepals and a spoon-shaped, insect-like labellum.
| Spoon-lipped rufous greenhood | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Cranichideae |
| Genus: | Pterostylis |
| Species: | P. spathulata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Pterostylis spathulata | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
Description
editPterostylis spathulata is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a rosette of between six and ten leaves. The leaves are 20–45 mm (0.8–2 in) long and 7–14 mm (0.3–0.6 in) wide. Flowering plants have a rosette at the base of the flowering stem but the leaves are usually withered by flowering time. Up to ten or more white and green or brown flowers are borne on a flowering stem 150–350 mm (6–10 in) tall. The flowers lean forward and are 20–22 mm (0.8–0.9 in) long and 7–9 mm (0.3–0.4 in) wide. The dorsal sepal and petals form a hood or "galea" over the column with the dorsal sepal having a thread-like tip 9–11 mm (0.35–0.43 in) long. The lateral sepals turn downwards, the same width as the galea, deeply dished, hairy and suddenly taper to narrow tips 18–22 mm (0.7–0.9 in) long which turn forward and upward. The labellum is cup-shaped and insect-like, about 5 mm (0.2 in) long, 3 mm (0.1 in) wide with six to eight long hairs on each side of the "body". Flowering occurs from September to November.[3][4][5]
Taxonomy and naming
editPterostylis spathulata was first formally described in 1989 by Mark Clements from a specimen collected near Moora and the description was published in Australian Orchid Research.[1] The specific epithet (spathulata) is derived from the Latin word spatha meaning "spoon"[6] referring to the spoon-shaped labellum of this orchid.[3]
Distribution and habitat
editThe spoon-lipped rufous greenhood grows in woodland and shrubland and on granite outcrops between Mullewa and the Fitzgerald River in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Mallee, Murchison, Swan Coastal Plain and Yalgoo biogeographic regions.[3][4][5][7]
Conservation
editPterostylis spathulata is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b "Pterostylis spathulata". APNI. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
- ^ "Pterostylis spathulata". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ a b c d Brown, Andrew; Dundas, Pat; Dixon, Kingsley; Hopper, Stephen (2008). Orchids of Western Australia. Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. p. 376. ISBN 9780980296457.
- ^ a b c Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 334. ISBN 978-1877069123.
- ^ a b Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 434. ISBN 9780646562322.
- ^ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 741.
- ^ a b "Pterostylis spathulata". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.