The Original Society of Papermakers was an early trade union in the United Kingdom.
History edit
The union is generally held to have been founded in 1800, although minutes of a meeting held in 1799 survive. Some accounts mention a preceding guild which had ceased to function. It represented journeymen, and was particularly strong in Kent; by 1825 it was said to have about 1,000 members in the county, and 2,000 elsewhere. It led successful strikes against wage reductions in 1804 and 1812. While its existence was well-known, trade unions were illegal, and the secretary would often bury the books and other documents, to prevent their seizure. In 1815, a meeting of the society at St Paul's Cray was raided, the secretary escaping through the window and travelling to Maidstone, where the headquarters remained thereafter.[1][2]
The union represented hand paper makers, although it did not support machine breaking, and did admit a few members who worked on machines. In 1830, it split over a dispute about pay for producing ledger paper, with the two factions being known as The Star and The Deckle. They reunited in 1837, but the 1840s proved a difficult decade, with strikes over reductions leading to one mill being burned down, the Scottish and Irish papermakers leaving the union, and the introduction of a scheme to assist members to emigrate. In 1854, the rival United Brotherhood of Paper Makers was founded, to represent machine paper makers, and the Original Society fell into a long decline. By 1947, the union had only 47 members, and the following year, it merged into the National Union of Printing, Bookbinding and Paper Workers.[1][2]
Secretaries edit
- 1800: W. Bell[1]
- James Burne[1]
- George Peters[1]
- Daniel Gardiner[1]
- Robert Rankin[1]
- 1830: John Rankin and William Grigsby[1]
- 1837: John Rankin[1]
- William Baker[1]
- Joseph Sharp[1]
- Fred Melluish[1]
- Richard Allen[1]
- Robert Peters[1]
- John Potter[1]
- George Wright[1]
- W. Bune[1]
- James Bourne[1]
- Robert Robertson[1]
- Arthur Smith[1]
- J. J. Highsted[1]
Further reading edit
- Stirk, Jean V. (2016). Industrial Relations in a Craft Trade: the Original Society of Papermakers 1800 – 1948. British Association of Paper Historians. ISBN 9780952575733.