Order of battle for Convoy SC 7

Convoy SC 7 was the seventh of the SC convoys, bound from Sydney, Nova Scotia across the North Atlantic to a number of British ports, mainly Liverpool. They were called SC as their departure point was designated Sydney, Cape Breton in order to avoid confusion with Sydney in Australia. The convoys formed part of the battle of the Atlantic during the Second World War. Large numbers of merchants travelled together with naval escorts to protect against U-boat attacks. They were often slow, the merchants often only being capable of a speed of around 8 kn (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) and so were particularly vulnerable to attack. This problem was exacerbated by a shortage of suitable escorts from either the Royal Canadian Navy or the Royal Navy in the early stages of the war.

HMS Fowey was one of the Royal Navy ships to come to the assistance of the convoy

Convoy SC 7 left Sydney on 5 October 1940, consisting of 36 merchants initially escorted by the Canadian armed yacht HMCS Elk and the British sloop HMS Scarborough. Having seen the convoy out of Canadian waters, Elk turned back on 7 October, leaving the convoy to spend three quarters of the crossing escorted by the lone Scarborough. One of the merchants, SS Winona had developed engine problems and also turned back. The crossing was uneventful to begin with, the only casualty being SS Trevisa, which was straggling behind the main convoy, and was torpedoed and sunk on 16 October by U-124.

The main convoy was spotted the following day by U-38, which sank SS Aenos. Further sporadic attacks continued that day and the following, despite the arrival of the sloop HMS Fowey and the corvette HMS Bluebell. The night of 18/19 October saw the successful use of the wolf pack tactics of Germany's U-boat fleet. Five U-boats; U-46, U-99, U-100, U-101 and U-123 attacked en-masse, overwhelming the escorts, reinforced by HMS Leith and Heartsease. They sank 16 merchants in a six-hour period, bringing the total to twenty merchants sunk and a total tonnage lost of 79,592 gross registered tons. The U-boats only broke off their attacks to intercept convoy HX 79, which had arrived in the area. They went on to sink a further 12 ships from this convoy, for a total of 28 ships sunk on 18/19 October, making this the deadliest two days of the battle of the Atlantic. The surviving merchants were gathered up by the remaining escorts and brought into port several days later.

Merchant ships

  This along with the * indicates that the ship was sunk

Name	Flag	Cargo	Fate	Date	Lived	Died	Notes
Aenos	Greece	Wheat	Sunk, U-38*	17 October	25	4	Straggler
Assyrian	United Kingdom	Grain	Sunk, U-101*	19 October	34	17	Convoy commodore's ship
Beatus	United Kingdom	Steel, timber, aircraft	Sunk, U-46*	18 October	37	0
Blairspey	United Kingdom	Timber	Damaged, U-101 Damaged, U-100	18 October 19 October	34	0	Reached port, repaired
Boekelo	Netherlands	Timber	Damaged, U-100 Sunk, U-123*	18 October 19 October	25	0	Straggler
Botusk	United Kingdom	Timber	Reached port		42	0
Carsbreck	United Kingdom	Timber	Damaged, U-38	18 October	55	0	Towed into port
Clintonia	United Kingdom	Pulpwood	Damaged, U-99 Sunk, U-123*	19 October 19 October	35	1
SS Convallaria	Sweden	Pulpwood	Sunk, U-46*	18 October	22	0
Corinthic	United Kingdom	Steel, scrap metal	Reached port		21	0
Creekirk	United Kingdom	Iron ore	Sunk, U-101*	18 October	0	36
Dioni	Greece	Grain	Reached port		82	0
Eaglescliffe Hall	United Kingdom	Timber	Reached port		64	0
Empire Brigade	United Kingdom	Metals, ores	Sunk, U-99*	19 October	35	6
Empire Miniver	United Kingdom	Pig iron, steel	Sunk, U-99*	19 October	35	3
Fiscus	United Kingdom	Steel, timber, aircraft	Sunk, U-99*	18 October	1	38	Straggler
Flynderborg	United Kingdom	Pulpwood	Reached port		12	0
SS Gunborg	Sweden	Pulpwood	Sunk, U-46*	18 October	23	0
Havørn	Norway	Pit props	Reached port		53	0
Inger Elisabeth	Norway	Pit props	Reached port		44	0
Karlander	Norway	Timber	Reached port		92	0
Languedoc	United Kingdom	Fuel oil	Sunk, U-48*	17 October	39	0
SS Niritos	Greece	Sulphur	Sunk, U-99*	18 October	27	1
Scoresby	United Kingdom	Pit props	Sunk, U-48*	17 October	39	0
SS Sedgepool	United Kingdom	Wheat	Sunk, U-123*	19 October	36	3
SS Shekatika	United Kingdom	Pit props, steel	Damaged, U-123, U-100 Sunk, U-123*	19 October	36	0	Joined from convoy SHX 76. 'Romper' (travelling ahead of the convoy)
Snefjeld	Norway	Timber	Sunk, U-99*	19 October	21	0
Sneland I	Norway	Sulphur	Reached port		94	0
Soesterberg	Netherlands	Pit props	Sunk, U-101*	19 October	19	6
Somersby	United Kingdom	Flour	Reached port		83	0
SS Thalia	Greece	Steel, lead, zinc	Sunk, U-99*	19 October	4	22
Thorøy	Norway	Fuel oil	Reached port		63	0
SS Trevisa	Canada	Timber	Sunk, U-124*	16 October	14	7	Straggler. First sinking.
Trident	United Kingdom	Steel, timber	Reached port		43	0
Valparaiso	Sweden	General cargo	Reached port		14	0
Winona	United States	Timber	Returned to port		34	0

Escorts

Name	Class	Navy	With convoy	Notes
HMS Bluebell	Flower-class corvette	Royal Navy	18–21 October
HMCS Elk	Armed yacht	Royal Canadian Navy	5 –7 October
HMS Fowey	Shoreham-class sloop	Royal Navy	18–21 October
HMS Heartsease	Flower-class corvette	Royal Navy	18–21 October	Dispatched with Carsbreck, 18 October
HMS Leith	Grimsby-class sloop	Royal Navy	18–21 October
HMS Scarborough	Hastings-class sloop	Royal Navy	5–21 October	Lost contact 17 October, unable to rejoin

U-boats

Name	Commander	Sunk	Damaged	Notes
U-38	Heinrich Liebe	1	1
U-46	Engelbert Endrass	3	0
U-48	Heinrich Bleichrodt	2	0
U-99	Otto Kretschmer	6	1
U-100	Joachim Schepke	0	3
U-101	Fritz Frauenheim	3	1
U-123	Karl-Heinz Moehle	4	0
U-124	Georg-Wilhelm Schulz	1	0

References

• Hague, Arnold (2000). The Allied Convoy System 1939–1945. London: Chatham. ISBN 1-86176-147-3.
• Jordan, Roger W. (2006) [1999]. The World's Merchant Fleets 1939: The Particulars and Wartime Fates of 6,000 Ships (2nd ed.). London: Chatham/Lionel Leventhal. ISBN 978-1-86176-293-1.
• Woodman, Richard (2013) [2004]. The Real Cruel Sea: The Merchant Navy in the Battle of the Atlantic 1939–1943 (3rd (repr.) Pen & Sword Maritime, Barnsley ed.). London: John Murray. ISBN 978-1-84884-415-5.

Further reading

• Lund, Paul; Ludlam, Harry (1973). The Night of the U-Boats. ISBN 0-450-01833-4.
• Rohwer, Jürgen; Hümmelchen, Gerhard (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two (3rd rev. ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-119-2.
• Roskill, S. W. (1957) [1954]. Butler, J. R. M. (ed.). The War at Sea 1939–1945: The Defensive. History of the Second World War United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. I (4th impr. ed.). London: HMSO. OCLC 881709135. Archived from the original on 27 February 2022.
• Vat, Dan van der (1988). The Atlantic Campaign: World War II's Great Struggle at Sea. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 978-0-06-015967-2.

External links

• A report on the convoy from public records
• Convoy SC-7 at Uboat.net
• SC-7 at Arnold Hague's convoy database