Oey Liauw Kong, Kapitein der Chinezen (1799–1865) was a Chinese-Indonesian high official, Landheer (landlord) and head of the Oey family of Kemiri, part of the 'Tjabang Atas' or Peranakan gentry.[1][2] He was also the owner of the 18th-century Baroque mansion and Jakarta landmark, Toko Merah.[3][4]
Oey Liauw Kong, Kapitein der Chinezen | |
|---|---|
| Luitenant der Chinezen in Batavia | |
| In office 3 June 1833 – 1841 | |
| Preceded by | Luitenant Tan Tjoen Ing |
| Constituency | Batavia |
| Kapitein der Chinezen in Batavia | |
| In office 1841 – August 1849 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1799 Batavia, Dutch East Indies |
| Died | 19 February 1865 Batavia, Dutch East Indies |
| Spouse(s) | Gouw Sioe Nio (m. 1818) Jo Loan Nio (m. 1828) Lim Phek Nio |
| Relations | Oey Bian Kong, Kapitein der Chinezen (grandfather) Oey Keng Hien, Luitenant der Chinezen (grandson) Han Tjiong Khing, Majoor der Chinezen (grandson) |
| Children | Oey Kim Tjiang, Kapitein der Chinezen (son) Oey Tek Tjiang, Luitenant-titulair der Chinezen (son) Oey Hok Tjiang, Kapitein-titulair der Chinezen (son) Oey Giok Nio (daughter) Oey Khe Nio (daughter) |
| Parent(s) | Oey Liam Kong, Kapitein der Chinezen (father) |
| Occupation | Kapitein der Chinezen |
Biography edit
Oey was born in 1799 in Batavia (now Jakarta), Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia) into an old, landowning family with a tradition of public service.[1][2] He was the son of Oey Liam Kong, Kapitein der Chinezen, and a grandson of Oey Bian Kong, the 20th Kapitein der Chinezen of Batavia, who was in office from 1791 until 1800.[5][6][1] Through his grandfather, he was also a great-grandson of the celebrated poet-bureaucrat Oey Tje, Kapitein der Chinezen of Semarang, installed in 1753.[7][8][1] The Chinese officership, consisting of the ranks of Majoor, Kapitein and Luitenant der Chinezen, was an arm of the Dutch colonial government with administrative and judicial jurisdiction over the colony's Chinese subjects.[9][6]
Oey was married to Gouw Tong Nio on April 29, 1818, then on the latter's death, to Jo Loan Nio on June 31, 1828, daughter of Jo Thaij San, Luitenant der Chinezen (appointed in 1810).[10][1][2] On being widowed for the second time, he married Lim Phek Nio.[2]
Oey's bureaucratic career began with his appointment as Luitenant der Chinezen on June 3, 1833, in succession to the recently deceased Luitenant Tan Tjoen Ing.[1] He served under Tan Eng Goan, the Kapitein der Chinezen of Batavia, whose post as senior Chinese officer in the colonial capital was raised in 1837 to a Mayoralty.[9][1] In 1841, Luitenant Oey Liauw Kong was promoted to the post of Kapitein der Chinezen, still serving under Majoor Tan Eng Goan.[1] In August 1849, Kapitein Oey Liauw Kong submitted his request for a resignation to Jan Jacob Rochussen, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, and was honorably discharged with the courtesy title of Kapitein-titulair der Chinezen.[1]
He bought Toko Merah in 1851 as his townhouse and family residence.[4][3] He died in on February 19, 1865.[1]
Issue edit
All of his sons were raised to the Chinese officership; and many of his children were married off into other families of the Tjabang Atas.[1][2] His eldest son, Oey Kim Tjiang, was appointed Luitenant-titulair in 1847, Luitenant in 1851, then succeeded his father as Kapitein-titulair der Chinezen in 1865.[1] Kapitein Oey Liauw Kong's two younger sons by Jo Loa Nio were Oey Tek Tjiang, Luitenant-titulair der Chinezen (appointed in 1855) and Oey Hok Tjiang, Kapitein-titulair der Chinezen (appointed in 1883).[2] His daughters included Oey Khe Nio, who married Han Ting Hway, son of Han Tiauw Hien, Luitenant der Chinezen in Surabaya, and Oey Giok Nio, who married the prominent landlord Nie Ek Tjiang, Luitenant der Chinezen in Batavia and Tangerang.[2]
Among his grandsons were Oey Keng Hien, Luitenant der Chinezen in Batavia, son of Kapitein-titulair Oey Hok Tjiang, and Han Tjiong Khing, the last Majoor der Chinezen of Surabaya, son of Oey Khe Nio.[2]
Bibliography edit
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Chen, Menghong (2011). De Chinese gemeenschap van Batavia, 1843-1865: een onderzoek naar het Kong Koan-archief (in Dutch). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 978-90-8728-133-5. Retrieved 15 February 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Haryono, Steve (2017). Perkawinan Strategis: Hubungan Keluarga Antara Opsir-opsir Tionghoa Dan 'Cabang Atas' Di Jawa Pada Abad Ke-19 Dan 20. Utrecht. ISBN 978-90-90-30249-2. Retrieved 15 February 2022.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Kemdikbud. "Toko Merah - Sistem Registrasi Nasional Cagar Budaya". Cagar Budaya. Kementrian Pendidikan and Budaya. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
- ^ a b Friska Amalia (21 June 2021). "Sejarah Singkat Toko Merah". Binus University Bandung. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
- ^ Hoetink, B. (1 January 1922). "Chineesche Officieren Te Batavia Onder de Compagnie". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. 78 (1): 1–136. doi:10.1163/22134379-90001586.
- ^ a b Blussé, Leonard; Nie, Dening (2018). The Chinese Annals of Batavia, the Kai Ba Lidai Shiji and Other Stories (1610-1795). Amsterdam: BRILL. pp. 35–36. ISBN 978-90-04-35670-2. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
- ^ Liem, Thian Joe (1933). Riwajat Semarang (Dari Djamannja Sam Poo Sampe Terhapoesnja Kong Koan). Semarang: Boekhandel Ho Kim Yoe.
- ^ Widodo, Johannes (1988). Chinese Settlement in a Changing City: An Architectural Study of the Urban Chinese Settlement in Semarang, Indonesia. Leuven: Department of Architecture, Urban & Regional Planning, University of Leuven. p. 7. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
- ^ a b Lohanda, Mona (1996). The Kapitan Cina of Batavia, 1837-1942: A History of Chinese Establishment in Colonial Society. Jakarta: Djambatan. ISBN 9789794282571. Retrieved 15 February 2022.
- ^ Naam-lyst van gouverneur generaal en raden van Indiën, uitmakende het gouvernement generaal van Hollandsch Indiën, 't welk representeerd den koning van Holland ... als mede die van 's konings armée en marine, zoo als dezelve op den laatsten dag van wintermaand ... is afgesloten ... opgave van personen, welke in het vorig jaar van hier vertrokken of overleden zyn (in Dutch). Batavia: C. Niemands Verdriet. Retrieved 1 March 2022.