N-Arachidonoyl dopamine

(Redirected from N-arachidonoyl-dopamine)

N-Arachidonoyl dopamine (NADA) is an endocannabinoid that acts as an agonist of the CB1 receptor and the transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) ion channel. NADA was first described as a putative endocannabinoid (agonist for the CB1 receptor) in 2000[1] and was subsequently identified as an endovanilloid (agonist for TRPV1) in 2002.[2] NADA is an endogenous arachidonic acid based lipid found in the brain of rats, with especially high concentrations in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and striatum.[2] It activates the TRPV1 channel with an EC50 of approximately of 50 nM which makes it the putative endogenous TRPV1 agonist.[2]

N-Arachidonoyl dopamine
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-N-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenamide
Other names
NADA
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
  • InChI=1S/C28H41NO3/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-28(32)29-23-22-25-20-21-26(30)27(31)24-25/h6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16,20-21,24,30-31H,2-5,8,11,14,17-19,22-23H2,1H3,(H,29,32)/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15- checkY
    Key: MVVPIAAVGAWJNQ-DOFZRALJSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C28H41NO3/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-28(32)29-23-22-25-20-21-26(30)27(31)24-25/h6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16,20-21,24,30-31H,2-5,8,11,14,17-19,22-23H2,1H3,(H,29,32)/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15-
    Key: MVVPIAAVGAWJNQ-DOFZRALJBM
  • CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(=O)NCCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O
Properties
C28H41NO3
Molar mass 439.63 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

In mice, NADA was shown to induce the tetrad of physiological paradigms associated with cannabinoids: hypothermia, hypo-locomotion, catalepsy, and analgesia.[1][3][4] NADA has been found to play a regulatory role in both the peripheral and central nervous systems, and displays antioxidant and neuroprotectant properties.[2][5][6][7] NADA has also been implicated in smooth muscle contraction and vasorelaxation in blood vessels.[8][9][10][11] Additionally, NADA has been observed to suppress inflammatory activation of human Jurkat T cells and to inhibit the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated astrocytes, microglia and mouse brain ECs (MEC-Brain).[12][13][14] NADA also promotes the inflammatory resolution of human endothelial cells activated by both endogenous (i.e. TNF) and exogenous (i.e. bacterial derived LPS (TLR4 agonist) and FSL-1 (TLR2/6 agonist)) inflammatory mediators.[15] It can increase the TRPV1-mediated release of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in rat dorsal spinal cord slices.[2] Furthermore, NADA also displays inhibitory activity in HIV-1 replication assays.[16] Finally, NADA can prevent the degranulation and release of TNF from RBL- 2H3 mast cells treated with an IgE-antigen complex.[17] Together, these studies show that physiological functions attributed to NADA are multifaceted, and include the ability to modulate the immune response.

The biosynthetic pathway of N-arachindonoyldopamine is not well understood. It has been proposed to be conjugated from arachidonoyl-CoA or arachidonoyl phospholipids and dopamine, but in vitro experiments do not support this theory.[18] However, the indirect biosynthesis of phospholipid esters with dopamine may be possible, as dopamine can induce the aminolysis of the glycerol-fatty acid bonds in phospholipid chains (arachidonoyl, palmitoyl, linoleyl, etc.).[19]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Bisogno, T.; Melck, D.; Bobrov MYu, null; Gretskaya, N. M.; Bezuglov, V. V.; De Petrocellis, L.; Di Marzo, V. (2000-11-01). "N-acyl-dopamines: novel synthetic CB(1) cannabinoid-receptor ligands and inhibitors of anandamide inactivation with cannabimimetic activity in vitro and in vivo". The Biochemical Journal. 351 (3): 817–824. doi:10.1042/bj3510817. ISSN 0264-6021. PMC 1221424. PMID 11042139.
  2. ^ a b c d e Huang, Susan M.; Bisogno, Tiziana; Trevisani, Marcello; Al-Hayani, Abdulmonem; Petrocellis, Luciano De; Fezza, Filomena; Tognetto, Michele; Petros, Timothy J.; Krey, Jocelyn F.; Chu, Constance J.; Miller, Jeffrey D.; Davies, Stephen N.; Geppetti, Pierangelo; Walker, J. Michael; Marzo, Vincenzo Di (2002-06-11). "An endogenous capsaicin-like substance with high potency at recombinant and native vanilloid VR1 receptors". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (12): 8400–8405. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.8400H. doi:10.1073/pnas.122196999. PMC 123079. PMID 12060783.
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  9. ^ Harrison, Selena; De Petrocellis, Luciano; Trevisani, Marcello; Benvenuti, Francesca; Bifulco, Maurizio; Geppetti, Pierangelo; Di Marzo, Vincenzo (2003-08-15). "Capsaicin-like effects of N-arachidonoyl-dopamine in the isolated guinea pig bronchi and urinary bladder". European Journal of Pharmacology. 475 (1–3): 107–114. doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(03)02114-9. ISSN 0014-2999. PMID 12954366.
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  11. ^ O'Sullivan, Saoirse E.; Kendall, David A.; Randall, Michael D. (2009-01-01). "Time-dependent vascular effects of Endocannabinoids mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)". PPAR Research. 2009: 425289. doi:10.1155/2009/425289. ISSN 1687-4757. PMC 2676321. PMID 19421417.
  12. ^ Navarrete, Carmen M.; Fiebich, Bernd L.; de Vinuesa, Amaya García; Hess, Sandra; de Oliveira, Antonio C. P.; Candelario-Jalil, Eduardo; Caballero, Francisco J.; Calzado, Marco A.; Muñoz, Eduardo (2009-04-01). "Opposite effects of anandamide and N-arachidonoyl dopamine in the regulation of prostaglandin E and 8-iso-PGF formation in primary glial cells". Journal of Neurochemistry. 109 (2): 452–464. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05966.x. ISSN 1471-4159. PMID 19200337. S2CID 205620351.
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  14. ^ Sancho, Rocío; Macho, Antonio; de La Vega, Laureano; Calzado, Marco A.; Fiebich, Bernd L.; Appendino, Giovanni; Muñoz, Eduardo (2004-02-15). "Immunosuppressive activity of endovanilloids: N-arachidonoyl-dopamine inhibits activation of the NF-kappa B, NFAT, and activator protein 1 signaling pathways". Journal of Immunology. 172 (4): 2341–2351. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.4.2341. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 14764703.
  15. ^ Wilhelmsen, Kevin; Khakpour, Samira; Tran, Alphonso; Sheehan, Kayla; Schumacher, Mark; Xu, Fengyun; Hellman, Judith (2014-05-09). "The endocannabinoid/endovanilloid N-arachidonoyl dopamine (NADA) and synthetic cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 abate the inflammatory activation of human endothelial cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 289 (19): 13079–13100. doi:10.1074/jbc.M113.536953. ISSN 1083-351X. PMC 4036321. PMID 24644287.
  16. ^ Sancho, Rocío; de la Vega, Laureano; Macho, Antonio; Appendino, Giovanni; Di Marzo, Vincenzo; Muñoz, Eduardo (2005-09-15). "Mechanisms of HIV-1 inhibition by the lipid mediator N-arachidonoyldopamine". Journal of Immunology. 175 (6): 3990–3999. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.175.6.3990. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 16148147.
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  19. ^ Pajouhesh, H; Hancock, A J (1984-03-01). "Synthesis of cyclopentano-N-methylphosphatidylethanolamines: aminolysis during the use of methylamine". Journal of Lipid Research. 25 (3): 310–312. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)37828-7. ISSN 0022-2275. PMID 6726084. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
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