Myohalovirus (synonym: PhiH-like viruses, Phihlikevirus) is a genus of viruses in the order Caudovirales, in the family Myoviridae. Bacteria and archaea serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus.[1][2]

Myohalovirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Uroviricota
Class: Caudoviricetes
Family: Vertoviridae
Genus: Myohalovirus

Taxonomy

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The following three species are assigned to the genus:[2]

Structure

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Myohaloviruses are nonenveloped, with a head and tail. The head is icosahedral with a diameter of about 64 nm. The tail is around 170  nm long, 18 nm wide, has short terminal fibers, and is contractile.[1]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Myohalovirus Head-Tail Non-enveloped Linear Monopartite

Genome

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Genomes are circular, around 59kb in length. The genome codes for 100 proteins.[1]

Life cycle

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Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The virus attaches to the host cell using its terminal fibers, and ejects the viral DNA into the host cytoplasm via contraction of its tail sheath. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Once the viral genes have been replicated, the procapsid is assembled and packed. The tail is then assembled and the mature virions are released via lysis. Bacteria and archaea serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion.[1]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Myohalovirus Bacteria; archea None Injection Lysis Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Passive diffusion

History

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According to the ICTV's 1997 report, the genus PhiH-like viruses was first accepted as a new genus in the family Myoviridae, at the same time as its type species. This proposal is available here. The following year (1998), the genus was added to the newly created order Caudovirales. In 1999, a name change is reported, but no change actually occurred. In 2012, the name was changed to Phihlikevirus. This proposal is available here.[2] The genus was later renamed to Myohalovirus'.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  2. ^ a b c "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
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