Minoría Vasco-Navarra (English: Basque-Navarrese Minority) was a right-wing parliamentary grouping in the Spanish Cortes during the term of 1931–1933. It was composed of 15 deputies and had no tangible impact on politics of the Republic. However, it matters in history of Basque nationalism and Carlism.
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History edit
The minority originated as an electoral alliance of 2 parties: Basque nationalists from Partido Nacionalista Vasco and Carlists from Comunión Tradicionalista, plus some independent candidates not associated with any organisation. During the electoral campaign of June 1931 the alliance fielded its candidates in 4 out of 50 provinces: Álava, Biscay, Gipuzkoa, and Navarra; in Biscay and Gipuzkoa it appeared under the name of "Pro Estatuto Vasco", while in Álava and Navarre as "Candidatura Católico-fuerista".
The alliance won 15 mandates out of 470; Minoría Vasco-Navarra became one of the smallest parliamentary groups in the chamber. Its chairman was Joaquín Beunza Redín, the deputy chairman was José Antonio Aguirre. Its key objectives were 1) restraining belligerent secularisation of public life, promoted by centre-left; and 2) creating an autonomous region, which would consist of 4 provinces in question.
In practical terms the Basque-Carlist alliance broke up in June 1932, when during works on autonomy the mayors from Carlist-dominated Navarre rejected the scheme. At this point PNV leaders concluded that alliance with the Traditionalists offered no gains and Minoría Vasco-Navarra became a rather formal arrangement, maintained only for the sake of some technical benefits, enjoyed by parliamentary groupings in the Cortes. There was no attempt to re-create the alliance during the electoral campaign of 1933.
Composition edit
| name | age[1] | political current | district[2] | # of votes | % of votes[3] | % of electorate[4] | profession | side during the war[5] | during Francoism | death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aguirre Lecube, José Antonio | 27 | Nationalist | Navarre | 46,419 | 62,9 | 52,5 | lawyer | R | on exile, PM of Basque exile gvnmnt | 1960 |
| Aizpún Santafé, Rafael |
42 | independent | Navarre | 46,699 | 63,3 | 52,9 | lawyer | N | in Cortes, Juanista, sidetracked | 1981 |
| Basterrechea Zaldívar, Francesco | 43 | Nationalist | Biscay (P) | 14,601 | 49,2 | 39,4 | lawyer | R | on exile until 1952, later out of politics | 1975 |
| Beunza Redín, Joaquín |
59 | Traditionalist | Navarre | 46,102 | 62,5 | 52,2 | lawyer | - | - | 1936 |
| Domínguez Arévalo, Tomás | 49 | Traditionalist | Navarre | 45,940 | 62,3 | 51,0 | landowner | N | minister, Juanista | 1952 |
| Eguileor Orueta, Manuel | 47 | Nationalist | Biscay (C) | 23,319 | 37,0 | 28,5 | technician, entrepreneur, publisher | R | on exile until late 1940s, later out of politics | 1970 |
| Gortari Errea, Miguel | 44 | independent | Navarre | 46,925 | 63,6 | 53,1 | entrepreneur, civil servant | N | Pamplona mayor, longtime Cortes deputy | 1968 |
| Horn Areilza, José | 51 | Nationalist | Biscay (C) | 23,540 | 37,4 | 28,8 | lawyer, civil servant, academic | - | - | 1936 |
| Leizaola Sánchez, Jesús María | 35 | Nationalist | Gipuzkoa | 35,901 | 58,3 | 49,1 | lawyer | R | on exile until 1976, PM of Basque exile gvnmnt | 1989 |
| Oreja Elósegui, Marcelino |
37 | Traditionalist | Biscay (P) | 15,982 | 49,2 | 39,4 | entrepreneur | - | - | 1934 |
| Oriol Uriguen, José Luis | 54 | Traditionalist | Álava | 8,016 | 37,6 | 30,6 | entrepreneur | N | in regime-related business oligarchy | 1972 |
| Picavea Leguía, Rafael |
64 | independent | Gipuzkoa | 35,937 | 58,4 | 49,2 | entrepreneur, publisher, official | R | on exile | 1946 |
| Pildain Zapiain, Antonio | 41 | independent | Gipuzkoa | 35,942 | 58,4 | 49,2 | religious | N | longtime bishop of the Canary Islands | 1973 |
| Robles Aranguiz, Manuel[6] |
47 | Nationalist | Biscay (P) | 19,527 | 60,1 | 48,1 | journalist, author, trade union activist | R | on exile until 1976 | 1982 |
| Urquijo Ibarra, Julio | 60 | Traditionalist | Gipuzkoa | 35,819 | 58,2 | 49,0 | landowner | N | focused on science, stayed clear of politics | 1950 |
See also edit
Footnotes edit
- ^ in 1931
- ^ "Biscay (C)" - Biscay capital (Bilbao and the adjacent urban area, including Barracaldo, Portugalete, Santurce, Guecho, Zamudio, Basauri and other), "Biscay (P)" - Biscay province
- ^ number of votes gathered in proportion to number of voters taking part in elections
- ^ number of votes gathered in proportion to number of people eligible to vote
- ^ later alignement during the Spanish Civil War; "R" - Republicans, "N" - Nationalists
- ^ elected in by-elections of October 4, 1931
Further reading edit
- Víctor Manuel Arbeloa Muru, La minoría vasco-navarra: La religión y la autonomía, Pamplona 2015, ISBN 9788423533978
- Martin Blinkhorn, Carlism and Crisis in Spain, 1931-1939, Cambridge 2008, ISBN 9780521086349
- Jaime Ignacio del Burgo, La epopeya de la foralidad vasca y navarra, Pamplona 2016, ISBN 9788494503702
- Idoia Estornés Zubizarreta, La construcción de una nacionalidad vasca, Donostia 1990, ISBN 9788487471049
- José María Gil Angulo, Los parlamentarios de los territorios vasco-navarros y la discusión de la Constitución republicana de 1931, [in:] Espacio, Tiempo y Forma 12 (2000), pp. 393–414
- Santiago de Pablo, El Estatuto Vasco y la cuestion foral en Navarra durante la Segunda República, [in:] Gerónimo de Uztariz 2 (1988), pp. 42–48