Melaleuca dempta is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub resembling Melaleuca calycina with its heads of white flowers and egg-shaped to heart-shaped leaves. It was formerly considered a subspecies of Melaleuca calycina subsp. dempta but it lacks the star-like fruits of that species and its leaves have a blunt rather than a pointed tip.
| Melaleuca dempta | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Myrtaceae |
| Genus: | Melaleuca |
| Species: | M. dempta
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| Binomial name | |
| Melaleuca dempta | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Melaleuca calycina subsp. dempta Barlow | |
Description
editMelaleuca dempta is a shrub often growing to about 2.2 m (7 ft) high with the branches glabrous except when very young. Its leaves are arranged in alternating pairs at right angles to the leaves above and below so that the leaves are in four rows along the stems. The leaves are 4.2–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long, 2.5–6.2 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide, broadly elliptic, egg-shaped or heart-shaped with the end tapering to a rounded point.[2][3]
The flowers are white and arranged in heads on the ends of branches which continue to grow after flowering. The heads are up to 18 mm (0.7 in) in diameter with up to 4 individual flowers. The petals are 2.6–2.9 mm (0.10–0.11 in) long and fall off as the flower ages. There are five bundles of stamens around the flower, each with 22 to 29 stamens. Flowering occurs mainly in September but may continue to February and is followed by fruit which are woody capsules 4.6–6.2 mm (0.18–0.24 in) long with five blunt teeth persisting around the edge. (These teeth are long in Melaleuca calycina giving its fruit a star shape when viewed end-on.)[2][3]
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Taxonomy and naming
editThis species was first formally described in 1988 as Melaleuca calycina subsp. dempta Barlow by B.A.Barow and K.J. Cowley.[4] It was raised to species status in 1999 by Lyndley Craven.[5][6] The specific epithet (dempta) is from the Latin demptus, meaning "to take away or remove", referring to the lack of long, curved teeth around the fruit.[2]
Distribution and habitat
editMelaleuca dempta occurs in and between the Scaddan, Gibson and Dalyup River districts[2][3] in the Esperance Plains and Mallee biogeographic regions.[7] It grows in dense scrub in sandy soil in swampy areas and on the edges of clay pans.[2][3]
Conservation status
editMelaleuca dempta is listed as "Priority Three" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife[7] meaning that it is known from only a few locations but is not currently in imminent danger.[8]
References
edit- ^ a b "Melaleuca dempta". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Brophy, Joseph J.; Craven, Lyndley A.; Doran, John C. (2013). Melaleucas : their botany, essential oils and uses. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. p. 143. ISBN 9781922137517.
- ^ a b c d Holliday, Ivan (2004). Melaleucas : a field and garden guide (2nd ed.). Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Reed New Holland Publishers. p. 44. ISBN 1876334983.
- ^ "Melaleuca calycina subsp. dempta". APNI. Retrieved 2 September 2015.
- ^ "Melaleuca dempta". APNI. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
- ^ Craven, L. A.; Lepschi, B. J. (1999). "Enumeration of the species and infraspecific taxa of Melaleuca (Myrtaceae) occurring in Australia and Tasmania". Australian Systematic Botany. 12 (6): 872. doi:10.1071/SB98019.
- ^ a b "Melaleuca dempta". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 31 March 2020.