Machaon may refer to:

  • Machaon (mythology), the son of Asclepius, a physician and warrior who fought for the Greeks in the Trojan War
  • Papilio machaon, or Old World swallowtail, a butterfly, also known as the common yellow swallowtail or simply the swallowtail

See also

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  • Machaonia, a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae