Wikipedia

List of coolest exoplanets

This is a list of the coolest exoplanets known, specifically those with temperatures lower than −75 °C (198 K). Planets from the Solar System were also included for comparison purposes.

Discovered in 2006, OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb is the coldest known exoplanet, and was nicknamed "Hoth" by NASA in reference to the planet from the Star Wars franchise.[1]

List edit

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
Image
(or artistic representation) 		Name Temperature Mass

(M⊕ or MJ)

Method[a] Notes References
 
 OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb -223 °C (50 K) 5.5 M🜨 Teq The coldest known exoplanet, with a temperature lower than the melting points of oxygen and nitrogen. [b] [4]
OGLE-2005-BLG-071L b -218 °C 3.8 MJ [5]
 
 PSR B1620-26 b -201.2 °C 2.5 MJ One of the oldest exoplanets known, with an age of 12.7 billion years.[note 1] [6]
 
 Neptune (For reference) -200 °C 17.15 M🜨 [7][8]
 
 Uranus (For reference) -195 °C 14.54 M🜨 [7][9]
TOI-969 c -176.6+6.8
−5.8 °C 		Teq [10]
 
 HIP 11915 b -155 °C 0.99 MJ A Jupiter analog. [c]
GJ 414 A c -148.3±13.5 °C 53.83 M🜨 [11]
HD 191939 f < -148 °C 2.1 MJ [12]
 
 Saturn (For reference) -140 °C 95 M🜨 [7][13]
Kepler-167 e -138.6±5 °C 1.01 MJ Teq [14]
HD 115954 b -128.1+8.1
−13 °C 		8.29 MJ [15]
 
 Gliese 777 b -123+26
−27 °C 		1.8 MJ [16]
 
 Epsilon Eridani b (AEgir) -123 °C 0.63 MJ [17][18]
HD 164922 b -114 °C 0.365 MJ [19][20]
Teegarden's Star d -114 °C >0.82 M🜨 One of the nearest exoplanets. [21]
 
 Jupiter (For reference) -110 °C 317.8 M🜨 (1 MJ) [7][22]
 
 WD 1856+534 b -110+14
−18 °C 		<13.8 MJ Teq [23]
 
 PSR B1257+12 d (Phobetor) -104 °C 3.9 M🜨 One of the first exoplanets discovered. [24]
 
 HR 5183 b -102+5.2
−5.1 °C 		3.23 MJ A highly-eccentric orbit planet. [25]
 
 TRAPPIST-1h -101.5 °C 0.326 M🜨 [26]
TOI-4010 e -99+8
−6 °C 		2.18 MJ [27]
HATS-59 c -97.1±6.4 °C 12.7 MJ [28]
HD 86226 b -97±4 °C 0.45 MJ [29]
GJ 1002 c -91.3±5.2 °C[d] 1.36 M🜨 Orbits within its star's habitable zone. [30]
EPIC 248847494 b -90+25
−18 °C 		<13 MJ [31]
Kepler-421b -88.2+8.6
−4.8 °C 		The transiting exoplanet with the longest orbital period. (704 days)[32] [33]
HD 192310 c -88 °C 24 M🜨 [34]
 
 Kepler-16b -85 °C 0.333 MJ A circumbinary planet. [35]
 
 Kepler-186f -85 °C[e] 1.44 M🜨 Potentially habitable [36][37]
TOI-4600 c -82±6 °C <9.27 MJ [38]
 
 PSR B1257+12 c (Poltergeist) -80 °C 4.3 M🜨 One of the first exoplanets discovered. [39]
 
 Gliese 876 b -79 °C 2.66 MJ [40][41]
 
 TRAPPIST-1g -75.8 °C[f] 1.321 M🜨 Potentially habitable [26][36][42]

Unconfirmed candidates edit

These exoplanets have not been confirmed.

Image

(Or artistic representation)

Name Temperature Mass[g] Method[a] Notes References
 
 Proxima Centauri c -234.2 °C (38.8 K) 7 M🜨 Teq [43][44]

Notes and references edit

  1. ^ "Meet 8 'Star Wars' Planets in Our Own Galaxy". exoplanets.nasa.gov. May 1, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
  2. ^ "Nitrogen - Melting Point - Boiling Point | nuclear-power.com". Nuclear Power. 2021-11-26. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  3. ^ "Characteristics of the Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous States". www.chem.uiuc.edu. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  4. ^ Beaulieu, J. -P.; Bennett, D. P.; Fouqué, P.; Williams, A.; Dominik, M.; Jørgensen, U. G.; Kubas, D.; Cassan, A.; Coutures, C.; Greenhill, J.; Hill, K.; Menzies, J.; Sackett, P. D.; Albrow, M.; Brillant, S. (2006-01-01). "Discovery of a cool planet of 5.5 Earth masses through gravitational microlensing". Nature. 439 (7075): 437–440. arXiv:astro-ph/0601563. Bibcode:2006Natur.439..437B. doi:10.1038/nature04441. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 16437108. S2CID 4414076.
  5. ^ Dong, Subo; Gould, Andrew; Udalski, Andrzej; Anderson, Jay; Christie, G. W.; Gaudi, B. S.; OGLE Collaboration; Jaroszyński, M.; Kubiak, M.; Szymański, M. K.; Pietrzyński, G.; Soszyński, I.; Szewczyk, O.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, Ł. (2009-04-01). "OGLE-2005-BLG-071Lb, the Most Massive M Dwarf Planetary Companion?". The Astrophysical Journal. 695 (2): 970–987. arXiv:0804.1354. Bibcode:2009ApJ...695..970D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/695/2/970. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 14408891.
  6. ^ "PSR B1620-26b (Cold jovian)". Retrieved December 11, 2023.
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  1. ^ a b Teff: Measured effective temperature. Teq: The temperature of the planet has not been measured, so it is listed with the calculated equilibrium temperature.
  2. ^ The melting points of Nitrogen and Oxygen are -210°C and -218°C, respectively.[2][3]
  3. ^ This was obtained using the CalcTool luminosity converter. Using the apparent magnitude of HIP 11915 and its distance from Earth (using the uncertainty parameter of ±10 light years), this yields a range of 1.03–1.27 L☉. When used in the default 190 light-year distance (with margin of error) is 1.07+0.11
    −0.09     L☉. When run into simulations using the orbital distance of HIP 11915 and its planet, yields a result of 118 K.
  4. ^ This is the surface temperature if GJ 1002 c has no atmosphere.
  5. ^ This is the surface temperature if Kepler-186f has no atmosphere.
  6. ^ This is the surface temperature if TRAPPIST-1g has no atmosphere.
  7. ^ M⊕: Earth mass MJ: Jupiter mass
  1. ^ The age is the same as the globular cluster where PSR B1620-26b is located (Messier 4), as all the stars in the cluster formed at the same time, and the planets form together with their host stars.
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