Gurdjar (Kurtjar) is a Paman language of the Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia. There are two dialects, Gurdjar proper (Gunggara), and Rip (Ngarap, Areba).[5] Kunggara is another name for one or the other.[2]
| Gurdjar | |
|---|---|
| Kurtjar | |
| Native to | Australia |
| Region | Cape York Peninsula, Queensland |
| Ethnicity | Kunggara (Kurtjar), Araba |
| Extinct | after 2007[1] |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:gdj – Gurdjaraea – Areba |
| Glottolog | ribg1235 |
| AIATSIS[2] | G33 Kurtjar, Y107 Areba |
| ELP | |
| Ariba[3] | |
 Gurdjar is an extinct language according to the classification system of the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger [4] | |
Phonology edit
Consonants edit
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | p | t̪ | t | c | k | |
| Nasal | m | n̪ | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Fricative | β | ð | ɣ | |||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Flap | ɾ | ɻ~ɽ | ||||
| Approximant | w | l | j |
Vowels edit
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||
| Non-low | i iː | ø øː | ɨ ɨː | u uː |
| Low | a aː | |||
Kurtjar also has a diphthong /ua/.[6]
According to the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, the language is classified as extinct.
References edit
- ^ Gurdjar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Areba at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ a b G33 Kurtjar at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (see the info box for additional links)
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Ariba.
- ^ Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger (Report) (3rd ed.). UNESCO. 2010. p. 57.
- ^ RMW Dixon (2002), Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development, p xxxii
- ^ Black, Paul D. (1980). Norman Pama historical phonology. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 194–196.