Koka (Sanskrit: कोक, romanized: Koka) and Vikoka (Sanskrit: विकोक, romanized: Vikoka) are asura brothers from Hindu literature. They are twin generals who are described to aid the asura Kali in his battle against Kalki, the 10th and final avatar of the god Vishnu, whose coming is believed to herald the end of the age.[1][2] The story is told in the Kalki Purana.[3]
Etymology edit
The etymology of Koka's name is obscure, and the Monier-Williams Sanskrit dictionary gives no ready definition; Vikoka's name is formed by adding Vi-, used to form names from other names, to "Koka".[4]
Legend edit
The prophecy of Kalki and his battle with Kali appears in the Kalki Purana, a collection of predictions concerning when, where and why Kalki will manifest himself and what he will do.[2] According to Hindu cosmology the world will experience four long ages, or yugas, of which the Kali Yuga is the last in a cycle.[5] The Kali Yuga began in 3102 BCE and has around 4,270 centuries remaining.[6] Kali, the asura-king of the Kali Yuga, will be assisted by his generals, the twin brothers Koka and Vikoka, who will threaten to defeat Kalki by raising themselves from the dead, faster than he can kill them. The god Brahma eventually appears to Kalki and reveals to him that no earthly or celestial weapon can kill the brothers if they are allowed to hold on to one another; the only way Kalki can defeat them is to separate and attack them both simultaneously. Kalki then forces himself between the two and lands crushing blows to each asura's temple at the same time. They both die, this time forever.
The Kalki Purana states that Koka and Vikoka in their previous births were the grandsons of Shakuni and sons of Vrikasura, who are not to be confused with the Shakuni and Vrikasura from the Mahabharata - the former are father and son, whereas the latter are unrelated.
Similarities edit
The names and deeds of these demon brothers are comparable to Gog and Magog in the Bible and Ya'jooj Wa Ma'jooj (يأجوج و مأجوج) of Muslim tradition as they are mentioned in the Qur'an.[7]
References edit
Citations edit
- ^ Lochtefeld 2002, p. 73.
- ^ a b Gulati 2008, p. 47.
- ^ Rocher 1986, p. 183 and fn.230.
- ^ Monier-Williams, Leumann & Cappeller 2002, p. 949.
- ^ Cotterell 2008, p. 94.
- ^ Cotterell 2008, p. 95.
- ^ René Guénon, The Reign of quantity and the signs of the times, chapter 25, The fissures in the great wall.
Publications edit
- Cotterell, Arthur (2008). A Dictionary of World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0192177476.
- Gulati, Mahinder N. (2008). Comparative Religious And Philosophies : Anthropomorphlsm And Divinity. Atlantic. ISBN 9788126909025.
- Lochtefeld, James G. (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M. Vol. I. Rosen Publishing Group. ISBN 9780823931798.
- Monier-Williams, Sir Monier; Leumann, Ernst; Cappeller, Carl (2002). A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 9788120831056.
- Rocher, Ludo (1986). The Puranas. Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN 9783447025225.