kōchō jūnisen (皇朝十二銭) (aka jūnizeni) is a general term for 12 types of copper coins minted in Japan under the Ritsuryo system from 708 (Wadō 1st year) to 963 (Ōwa 3rd year).[1] All of the included coins are circular in shape, have a square hole in the center, and were worth 1 mon.[a]
Coins
edit| Image | Inscription | Kyūjitai | Shinjitai | Year of introduction (Julian calendar) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Wadōkaichin | 和同開珎 | 和同開珎 | 708 |
 |
Mannen Tsūhō | 萬年通寳 | 万年通宝 | 760 |
 |
Jingū Kaihō | 神功開寳 | 神功開宝 | 765 |
 |
Ryūhei Eihō | 隆平永寳 | 隆平永宝 | 796 |
 |
Fuju Shinpō | 富壽神寳 | 富寿神宝 | 818 |
 |
Jōwa Shōhō | 承和昌寳 | 承和昌宝 | 835 |
 |
Chōnen Taihō | 長年大寳 | 長年大宝 | 848 |
 |
Jōeki Shinpō | 饒益神寳 | 饒益神宝 | 859 |
 |
Jōgan Eihō | 貞觀永寳 | 貞観永宝 | 870 |
 |
Kanpyō Taihō | 寛平大寳 | 寛平大宝 | 890 |
 |
Engi Tsūhō | 延喜通寳 | 延喜通宝 | 907 |
 |
Kengen Taihō | 乹元大寳 | 乾元大宝 | 958 |
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ "Mon" was a unit of currency (ex: Dollar) before the Muromachi period when they took a physical form.
References
edit- ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2005). "Wadō-kaihō". Japan Encyclopedia. p. 539. ISBN 978-0674017535.