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John, Duke of Touraine

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John, Dauphin of France and Duke of Touraine (31 August 1398 – 5 April 1417) was Dauphin of Viennois and Duke of Touraine. He inherited the Dauphin of Viennois in 1415, following the death of his older brother, Louis. He died 5 April 1417, and was succeeded by his brother Charles.

John
Duke of Touraine
Dauphin of France
Reign8 December 1415 – 5 April 1417
PredecessorLouis, Duke of Guyenne
SuccessorCharles, Count of Ponthieu
Born31 August 1398
Died5 April 1417(1417-04-05) (aged 18)
Compiègne
Burial
Saint-Corneille Abbey
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1415)​
HouseValois
FatherCharles VI of France
MotherIsabeau of Bavaria

Early life

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John was born in 1398,[1] the fourth son of Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria. At the age of four (in Paris on 5 May 1403) and again at the age of seven (in Compiègne on 29 June 1406), he was betrothed to Jacqueline, heiress of the County of Hainaut, Holland, Zealand, and Frisia.[2] After his betrothal to Jacqueline, he was brought up alongside her at the castle of Le Quesnoy in Hainaut, at the court of his future mother-in-law, Margaret of Burgundy.[2] This arrangement was made between his father and his future father-in-law to ensure his safety away from the tumultuous court in Paris, as well as to acquaint him with the lands which he would rule as husband of Jacqueline after her father's death.[3] As he was the king's fourth son, he was only expected to succeed to his wife's lands, and was not expected to become king.[3]

On 22 April 1411 the Pope gave his dispensation for the union and on 6 August 1415, when John was sixteen, he and Jacqueline married in The Hague.[4]

Dauphin

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Four months after his marriage, John's elder brother Louis, Dauphin of France, died on 18 December 1415, and John became the next Dauphin of France.

Death

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John died on 5 April 1417 at the age of eighteen.[5] The cause of his death is disputed. According to some, he died from the consequences of an abscess in the head, while other sources suggest he had been poisoned.[6] He was buried in Compiègne's Saint-Corneille abbey. His younger brother Charles became dauphin and eventually king.[5]

Ancestry

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References

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  1. ^ Vale 1974, p. 21.
  2. ^ a b Vaughan 2005, p. 246.
  3. ^ a b Antheun Janse: Een pion voor een dame, pp. 54–56
  4. ^ A. Janse, pp. 81–84.
  5. ^ a b Vale 1974, p. 237.
  6. ^ Ernest van Bruyssel, Histoire du commerce et de la marine en Belgique, 1863, p. 66., A. Janse, Een Pion voor een Dame (2009)

Sources

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  • Vale, Malcolm Graham Allan (1974). Charles the Seventh. University of California Press.
  • Vaughan, Richard (2005). John the Fearless: The Growth of Burgundian Power. Vol. 2. The Boydell Press.


John, Duke of Touraine
Cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty
Born: 31 August 1398 Died: 5 April 1417
Regnal titles
Preceded by Dauphin of Viennois
8 December 1415 – 5 April 1417 		Succeeded by
Vacant
Royal domain
Title last held by
Louis II 		Duke of Touraine
1407 – 5 April 1417
Vacant
Royal domain
Title last held by
Edward III 		Count of Ponthieu
1410 – 5 April 1417
Preceded by Duke of Berry
Count of Poitou
1416 – 5 April 1417
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