Jacob is a common masculine given name of Hebrew origin. The English form is derived from the Latin Iacobus, from the Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iakobos), ultimately from the Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (Yaʿaqōḇ), the name of Jacob, biblical patriarch of the Israelites, and a major figure in the Abrahamic religions. The name comes either from the Hebrew root עקב ʿqb meaning "to follow, to be behind" but also "to supplant, circumvent, assail, overreach", or from the word for "heel", עֲקֵב ʿaqeb. The prefix “ya-” and the internal vowel “-o-” typically indicate a masculine third-person singular imperfective form in Hebrew,[2][3] suggesting meanings like “he will”, “he may”, or “he shall”. It can also be taken to mean "may God protect" or "may he protect" as Hebrew grammar does not specify whether the name bearer ("he") is the subject (the one who acts) or the object (the one who is acted upon), making the interpretation open-ended."[4][5]
 Isaac Blessing Jacob, 1638 Govert Flinck painting. | |
| Pronunciation | /ˈdʒeɪkəb/ |
|---|---|
| Gender | Male |
| Origin | |
| Word/name | Derived from Late Latin Jacobus, from Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iakobos), from Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (Yaʿakov) |
| Meaning | "He may/will/shall follow/heed/seize-by-the-heel/watch/guard/protect", "Supplanter/Assailant", "May God protect" or "May he protect"[1] |
| Region of origin | Israel |
| Other names | |
| Variant form(s) | Jakob, Jakeb, Jaycob |
| Short form(s) | Jack, Jake, Jay, Jakey, Coby, Jem |
| Related names | James, Jakob, Jakov, Jakub, Ya'koub, Yakub, Yakup, Ya'qoub, Kafka, Cobie, Tiago, Santiago, Jacobo, Jaime, Jamie, Jim, Jacques |
In the narrative of Genesis, it refers to the circumstances of Jacob's birth when he held on to the heel of his older twin brother Esau (Genesis 25:26). The name is etymologized (in a direct speech by the character Esau) in Genesis 27:36, adding the significance of Jacob having "supplanted" his elder brother by buying his birthright.[6]
In a Christian context, Jacob – James in English form – is the name for several people in the New Testament: (1) the apostle James, son of Zebedee, (2) another apostle, James, son of Alphaeus, and (3) James the brother of Jesus (James the Just), who led the original Nazarene Community in Jerusalem. There are several Jacobs in the genealogy of Jesus.
Modern usage
editFrom 1999 through 2012, Jacob was the most popular baby name for boys in the United States.[7]
In 2022, it was the 12th most popular name given to boys in Canada.[8]
Variants
edit- Afrikaans – Jakob, Jakobus, Jacobus, Koos, Kobus, Cobus
- Albanian – Jakob, Jakop, Jakov, Jakub, Jakup, Jak, Jakë, Jako, Jaku, Jake
- Arabic – Yaʿqūb, Yakub (يعقوب); see also Jacob in Islam
- Aragonese – Chacobo, Chaime
- Armenian – Յակոբ (Classical Armenian orthography), Հակոբ (Reformed Armenian orthography) (Hakob, Hagop)
- Azerbaijani – Yaqub, Yaqubun, Ceykob
- Basque – Jakobi, Jagoba
- Belarusian – Якуб, Якаў (Jakub, Jakaŭ)
- Bengali – জ্যাকব (Jækôb), ইয়াকুব (Yaqub)
- Breton – Jakob, Jakez
- Bulgarian – Яков (Yakov)
- Catalan – Jaume, Dídac
- Cebuano – Hakob
- Chichewa – Yakobo
- Chinese – 雅各 (Yǎgè)
- Cornish – Jago, Jammes, Jamma
- Corsican – Ghjacumu
- Croatian – Jakob, Jakov
- Czech – Jakub
- Danish – Jakob, Jep, Jeppe, Ib
- Dutch – Jaak, Jaap, Jakob, Jacobus, Jacco, Jaco, Sjaak, Kobus, Koos
- English – Jakob, Jack, Jake, Jay, Jaycob, Jacoby; see also James
- Esperanto – Jakobo
- Estonian – Jaak, Jaagup, Jakob
- Ethiopia – Yacob, Yacob, Yakob
- Faroese – Jákup, Jakku
- Fijian – Jekope, Kope
- Finnish – Jaakob, Jaakoppi, Jaakko
- French – Jacques, Jack, Jacob, Jayme, Jaume, Jacqueline (fem.)
- Frisian – Japik
- Galician – Xacobe, Santiago, Iago, Xaime
- Georgian – იაკობ (Iakob), კობა (Koba)
- German – Jakob
- Greek – Iákovos (Ιάκωβος), Iakóv (Ιακώβ), Yángos (Γιάγκος)
- Gujarati – જેકબ (Jēkab)
- Haitian Creole – Jakòb
- Hausa – Yakubu
- Hawaiian – Iakopo
- Hebrew –Ya'akov (יעקב), Koby, Ya'akova (female)
- Hindi – याकूब (Yākūb)
- Hmong – Yakhauj
- Hungarian – Jakab, Jákob
- Icelandic – Jakob, Jakop
- Igbo – Jekọb
- Indonesian – Yakub, Jacob, Yacob
- Irish – Iácóib, Séamas, Séamus, Sésamo, Sesame, Shéamais, Siacus
- Italian – Giacomo, Iacopo, Jacopo, Giacobbe, Giacco
- Japanese – Yakobu (ヤコブ)
- Javanese – Yakub
- Kannada – ಜಾಕೋಬ್ (Jākōb)
- Kashmiri - یعقوب (Yākūb, Yạ̄kūb)
- Kazakh – Жақып (Jaqyp, Jakip, Yaqub)
- Khmer – លោកយ៉ាកុប (lok yeakob)
- Korean – Yagop (야곱)
- Kyrgyz – Жакып (Dzhakyp)
- Lao – ຢາໂຄບ (ya okhb)
- Latin – Iacobus
- Latvian – Jēkabs
- Lithuanian – Jokūbas
- Macedonian – Јаков
- Malayalam – ചാക്കോ (Chacko), യാക്കോബ് (Yakob)
- Maltese – Ġakbu, Ġakobb
- Māori – Hakopa
- Marathi – याकोब (Yākōba)
- Malay – Akob, Yakub, Yaakub
- Mongolian – Иаков (Iakov)
- Montenegrin – Jakov, Jakša
- Myanmar – yarkote sai
- Nepali – याकूबले (Yākūbalē)
- Norwegian – Jakob
- Pampangan – Hakub
- Persian – Yaqub, Yaghoub (یعقوب)
- Polish – Jakub, Kuba (diminutive), Jakubina and Żaklina (fem.)
- Portuguese – Jacó, Iago, Tiago, Thiago, Diogo, Jácomo, Jaime
- Punjabi – ਯਾਕੂਬ ਨੇ (Yākūba nē)
- Romanian – Iacob, Iacov
- Romansh: Giacun, Giachen
- Russian – Иаков (Iakov) (archaic O.T. form), Яков (Yakov, Iakov), Яша (Yasha, Jascha) (diminutive)
- Samoan – Iakopo
- Scots – Hamish, Jamie
- Scottish Gaelic – Iàcob, Seumas
- Serbo-Croatian – Jakov (Јаков), Jakob (Јакоб), Jakub (Јакуб), Jakup (Јакуп), Jakša (Јакша)
- Sesotho – Jakobo
- Sinhala – ජාකොබ් (Jakob), යාකොබ් (Yakob)
- Slovak – Jakub (short form: Kubo)
- Slovenian – Jakob [ja:kop], Jaka
- Somali – Yacquub
- Sorbian – Jakub
- Spanish – Jacobo, Yago, Iago, Santiago, Tiago, Diego, Jaime
- Swahili – Yakobo
- Swedish – Jakob
- Sylheti – য়াকুব (Yakub)
- Syriac – ܝܥܩܘܒ (Yaʿqub), also (Yaqo, Yaqko)
- Tagalog – Hakob
- Tajik – Яъқуб (Ja'quʙ)
- Tamil – யாக்கோபு (Yākkōpu)
- Telugu – యాకోబు (Yākôbu)
- Thai – เจคอบ Ce khxb, pronounced "Ja-khawb"
- Tigrinya – ያእቆብ, ያዕቆብ (Ya‘ik’obi)
- Turkish – Yakup
- Ukrainian – Yakiv (Яків)
- Urdu – یعقوب (Ya'kub)
- Uzbek – Yoqub, Yakob, Ya'qub
- Vietnamese – Giacôbê, Giacóp
- Welsh – Siam, Jac, Iago
- Xitsonga – Yakobo
- Yiddish – Yankev, Yankl, Yankel, Yankele, Kopl
- Yoruba – Jakọbù
- Zulu – Jakobe
People with the name
edit- Patriarch Jacob of Alexandria (1803–1865), Greek Patriarch of Alexandria 1861–1865
- Saint Jakov, Archbishop of Serbs 1286–1292
- Saint Jacob of Alaska, missionary of the Orthodox Church
- Saint Jacob of Nisibis, Bishop of Nisibis
- Jacob (Book of Mormon prophet)
- All pages with titles beginning with Jacob of
- All pages with titles beginning with Jacob the
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Campbell, Mike. "Meaning, origin and history of the name Jacob". Retrieved 13 February 2017.
- ^ https://www.pealim.com/dict/1544-laakov/
- ^ https://www.calvary.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/THE-STRUCTURE-OF-THE-HEBREW-LANGUAGE_Chapter-Ten.pdf
- ^ Jonathan Z. Smith, Map is Not Territory: Studies in the History of Religions, University of Chicago Press (1978), p. 33.
- ^ "Meaning, origin, and history of the name Jacob". Behind the Name.
- ^ "And he said, Is not he rightly named Jacob? for he hath supplanted me (יַּעְקְבֵנִי) these two times: he took away my birthright; and, behold, now he hath taken away my blessing" (KJV)
- ^ U.S. Social Security Administration – Popular Baby Names
- ^ "Table 17-10-0147-01 First names at birth by sex at birth, selected indicators (Number)". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2024-08-25.