Gamma-interferon-inducible protein Ifi-16 (Ifi-16) also known as interferon-inducible myeloid differentiation transcriptional activator is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFI16 gene.[5][6][7]

IFI16
Available structures
PDBHuman UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesIFI16, IFNGIP1, PYHIN2, interferon gamma inducible protein 16
External IDsOMIM: 147586; MGI: 3695276; HomoloGene: 115929; GeneCards: IFI16; OMA:IFI16 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001033384
NM_001177349
NM_001177350
NM_001368798
NM_001368799

RefSeq (protein)

n/a

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 159 – 159.06 MbChr 1: 173.39 – 173.43 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

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This gene encodes a member of the HIN-200 (hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear antigens with 200 amino acid repeats) family of cytokines. The encoded protein contains domains involved in DNA binding, transcriptional regulation, and protein-protein interactions. The protein localizes to the nucleoplasm and nucleoli, and interacts with p53.[8] It modulates p53 function, and inhibits cell growth in the Ras/Raf signaling pathway.[7] IFI16 has been shown to play a role in the sensing of intracellular DNA[9] - a hallmark of virally infected cells - and has also been linked to the death of HIV-infected helper CD4 T cells by pyroptosis, a highly inflammatory form of programmed cell death.[10][11] Recently, it has been shown how IFI16, once extracellularly released, can induce inflammation upon TLR4 binding, acting as a DAMP.[12]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000163565Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000073491Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Trapani JA, Browne KA, Dawson MJ, Ramsay RG, Eddy RL, Show TB, et al. (Oct 1992). "A novel gene constitutively expressed in human lymphoid cells is inducible with interferon-gamma in myeloid cells". Immunogenetics. 36 (6): 369–376. doi:10.1007/bf00218044. PMID 1526658. S2CID 1196925.
  6. ^ Trapani JA, Dawson M, Apostolidis VA, Browne KA (Dec 1994). "Genomic organization of IFI16, an interferon-inducible gene whose expression is associated with human myeloid cell differentiation: correlation of predicted protein domains with exon organization". Immunogenetics. 40 (6): 415–424. doi:10.1007/bf00177824. PMID 7959953. S2CID 2602156.
  7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: IFI16 interferon, gamma-inducible protein 16".
  8. ^ Ouchi M, Ouchi T (January 2008). "Role of IFI16 in DNA damage and checkpoint". Frontiers in Bioscience. 13 (13): 236–239. doi:10.2741/2673. PMID 17981541.
  9. ^ Unterholzner L, Keating SE, Baran M, Horan KA, Jensen SB, Sharma S, et al. (November 2010). "IFI16 is an innate immune sensor for intracellular DNA". Nature Immunology. 11 (11): 997–1004. doi:10.1038/ni.1932. PMC 3142795. PMID 20890285.
  10. ^ Monroe KM, Yang Z, Johnson JR, Geng X, Doitsh G, Krogan NJ, et al. (January 2014). "IFI16 DNA sensor is required for death of lymphoid CD4 T cells abortively infected with HIV". Science. 343 (6169): 428–432. Bibcode:2014Sci...343..428M. doi:10.1126/science.1243640. PMC 3976200. PMID 24356113.
  11. ^ Doitsh G, Galloway NL, Geng X, Yang Z, Monroe KM, Zepeda O, et al. (January 2014). "Cell death by pyroptosis drives CD4 T-cell depletion in HIV-1 infection". Nature. 505 (7484): 509–514. Bibcode:2014Natur.505..509D. doi:10.1038/nature12940. PMC 4047036. PMID 24356306.
  12. ^ Iannucci A, Caneparo V, Raviola S, Debernardi I, Colangelo D, et al. (2020) Toll-like receptor 4-mediated inflammation triggered by extracellular IFI16 is enhanced by lipopolysaccharide binding. PLOS Pathogens 16(9): e1008811. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008811

Further reading

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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.