Hycanthone is the schistosomicide approved by the FDA in 1975. It is a metabolite of lucanthone. Hycanthone interferes with parasite nerve function, resulting in paralysis and death. This agent also intercalates into DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis in vitro and shows potential antineoplastic activity.[1]
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.019.512 |
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| Formula | C20H24N2O2S |
| Molar mass | 356.48 g·mol−1 |
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Anti-schistosomal activity
editHycanthone is shown to be an effective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from Schistosoma mansoni, but is less potential against AChE from mammalian origin. This might come from differences in the configuration of active center between schistosome and mammalian AChE enzymes.[2]
Hycanthone is shown to intercalate into DNA and inhibit RNA synthesis in vitro. A growing body of evidence has shown that hycathone has an antineoplastic activity.[citation needed]
Toxicity
editHycanthone is a dose-dependent hepatotoxin,[3] causing hepatocellular injury.[4]
Clinical trials
editPhysical properties
edit| Physical state | Solid |
| Solubility | Soluble in ethanol, methanol, DMSO, and water |
| Absorption maximum | 233, 258, 329, 438 nm |
| Melting point | 173-176 °C |
| logP | 3.74 |
References
edit- ^ "hycanthone". NCI Cancer Dictionary.
- ^ Hillman GR, Senft AW (September 1975). "Anticholinergic properties of the antischistosomal drug hycanthone". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 24 (5): 827–34. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1975.24.827. PMID 1190369.
- ^ Teoh NC, Chitturi S, Farrell GC (2010). "Chapter 86: Liver Disease Caused by Drugs". In Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ (eds.). Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Vol. 2 (Ninth ed.). Saunders Elsevier. pp. 1413–1446. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4160-6189-2.00086-X. ISBN 978-1-4160-6189-2.
- ^ Stine JG, Lewis JH (2013). "Hepatotoxicity of Antibiotics: A Review and Update for the Clinician". Clinics in Liver Disease. 17 (4): 609–642. doi:10.1016/j.cld.2013.07.008. PMID 24099021.
- ^ Schutt AJ, Dalton RJ, Kovach JS, Moertel CG, O'Connell MJ (June 1983). "Phase II study of hycanthone in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma". Cancer Treatment Reports. 67 (6): 593–4. PMID 6861166.
- ^ "Phase II Chemotherapy with Hycanthone Mesylate and Flagyl for Advanced Malignant Lymphomas". U.S. National Cancer Institute. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015.