Hualapai Smith's or Smith's Ferry was a steamboat landing and a ferry crossing and farm on the Sonora bank of the Colorado River, the border between Sonora and Baja California, from the later 1860s to 1878. It was located on the Colorado River in Sonora 20 miles overland from Yuma, Arizona and 30 miles down river from Fort Yuma in 1861.[1][2]: 713
Hualapai Smith's was named after the proprietor, J. L. Smith, known as Hualapai Smith for his exploit of being first to explore the Hualapai Valley of Arizona before any other prospector in the early 1860s.[3][4] The site of Hualapai Smith's is within the ejido La Grullita southwest of San Luis Río Colorado, in the San Luis Río Colorado Municipality, Sonora.[5]
History edit
Hualapai Smith's was a successor to Gonzales' Ferry or Mariposa Ferry 30 miles below Fort Yuma and 3 miles below Paddock's Old Ferry on the Colorado River in Sonora. These two crossings existed there prior to the beginning of the American Civil War. Roads in Baja California led southeast of the Southern Emigrant Trail from New River Station and Alamo Mocho Station to these crossings into Sonora.[2]: 713 Gonzales' Ferry was the name of place Confederate sympathizer Daniel Showalter mentions is the place he and his party intended to cross to avoid inspection by the Union troops at Fort Yuma.[6]: 41 Paddock's Old Ferry had been long abandoned and the adobe house there was in ruins and the Gonzales' Ferry boat was destroyed by November 21, 1861, on orders of Lt. Col. West commander of Fort Yuma, to prevent any crossings by a Confederate force attempting to cross the Colorado River.[2]: 709, 733 Fecunda Gonzales the owner of Gonzales' Ferry had abandoned the location after his ferry was destroyed by Union troops in November 1861. He moved to Los Angeles and tried to get restitution for his loss.[2]: 747, 784
The Mariposa ferry would have been on the river just west of the settlement shown as Mariposa on the 1865 map of Arizona Territory.[7]
Due to the hostilities with the Hualapai and Paiute that began in 1865, many mines the vicinity of the northern Colorado River shut down for several years until they ended. J. L. Smith with a stake from mining up river, probably acquired the abandoned ferry and land for his farm there about this time and established a new landing. By the 1872 Smith's Ferry had been established, and was mentioned in the Saturday, December 7, 1872, The Arizona Sentinel of Yuma, Arizona:
- "Mexican Doings. A report reached town yesterday to the effect that about forty Mexicans had taken possession of the property of J. L. Smith, better known as Hualapai Smith, who lives on the Mexican side of the line, about 20 miles from this city."[1]
By August 19, 1873, the Sentinel reports Smith's ferry was alerted to watch for two men wanted for the murder of the station keeper of Kenyon Station.[8]
The river landings on the Colorado below Yuma, were ended in 1878, after the Southern Pacific railroad reached that town in 1877. They purchased the Colorado Steam Navigation Company and by 1878 had replaced Port Isabel, Sonora with a river port and shipyard at the rail head in Yuma.
Today edit
There is no trace of the old settlement, which is now under farmland and farm buildings in the ejido Grullita, along a former course of the Colorado River.
References edit
- ^ a b The Arizona Sentinel; Saturday, December 7, 1872, page 3
- ^ a b c d The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. L, Part I, Correspondence, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897
- ^ The Arizona Sentinel, Saturday, January 22, 1887, p.3
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Hualapai Valley
- ^ "Rosario Peña P., Marcarán sitios históricos de San Luis y el valle, Historiadores y cronistas harán un recorrido por varios lugares, SAN LUIS DIGITAL, 13/06/2014". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-06-23.
- ^ The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. L, Part I, Correspondence, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, p.41
- ^ Official Map Of The Territory Of Arizona, With All The Recent Explorations. Compiled by Richard Gird C.E. Commissioner. Approved By John N. Goodwin, Governor. In Accordance With An Act Of The Legislature, Approved Oct. 23d. 1864. We hereby certify that this is the Official Map of the Territory of Arizona, and approve the same. Prescott October 12th 1865. (with signed seal dated 1863). Published By A. Gensoul, Pacific Map Depot. No. 511 Montgomery St. San Francisco. Lith. Britton & Co. San Francisco. Accessed from www.davidrumsey.com, December 1, 2014. Shows location of Port Isabel, Sonora and other landings, settlements and the mining districts along the Colorado River and the interior of the territory in 1865.
- ^ Arizona Sentinel (Yuma), 30 Aug. 1873, p.3
External links edit
- Sharlot.org: 1870s tintype of J. L. Smith — from Sharlot Hall Museum photographs collection.