Hans Karl Albert Winkler (23 April 1877 in Oschatz – 22 November 1945 in Wachwitz, Dresden)[1] was a German botanist. From 1912 on, he was Professor of Botany at the University of Hamburg, and a director of that university's Institute of Botany. Winkler coined the term 'heteroploidy' in 1916. He is remembered for coining the term 'genome' in 1920,[2] by making a portmanteau of the words gene and chromosome.[3] He wrote:[2]: 165
Ich schlage vor, für den haploiden Chromosomensatz, der im Verein mit dem zugehörigen Protoplasma die materielle Grundlage der systematischen Einheit darstellt den Ausdruck: das Genom zu verwenden ...
This may be translated as: "I propose the expression Genom for the haploid chromosome set, which, together with the pertinent protoplasm, specifies the material foundations of the species ..."[4] Among his experiments was the discovery of chimeras (also chimaeras) by grafting a black Nightshade and tomato plant and observing a shoot which displayed characteristics of both plants.
Winkler also worked at the University of Naples, in Italy, where he researched the physiology of the alga Bryopsis.[5]
In 1903/04, he traveled around the world, visiting Ceylon, Java, Australia, New Zealand, Samoa and North America and later Borneo in 1924/25.[1]
Works
edit- "Solanum Tubingense, ein echter Pfropfbastard zwischen Tomate und Nachtschatten". Bericht der Deutschen Botanik Gesellschaft (26a). 1908.
- "Verbreitung und Ursache der Parthenogenesis im Pflanzen- und Tierreiche. 1920 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- "Experimentelle Erzeugung von Pflanzen mit abweichenden Chromosomenzahlen". Zeitschrift für Botanik (8). 1916.
- "Die Konversion der Gene" (1930)
References
edit- ^ a b "Winkler, Hans". Brockhaus Enzyklopädie (16 ed.). F. A. Brockhaus AG. 1957. p. 537.
- ^ a b Hans Winkler (1920). Verbreitung und Ursache der Parthenogenesis im Pflanzen - und Tierreiche. Verlag Fischer, Jena.
- ^ "Genome News Network glossary".
- ^ Joshua Lederberg and Alexa T. McCray (2001). "'Ome Sweet 'Omics -- A Genealogical Treasury of Words" (PDF). The Scientist. 15 (7). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-29.
- ^ "The history of the Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli". Archived from the original on 2006-05-08.
- ^ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich: Wer war was vor und nach 1945. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-596-16048-0.
- ^ International Plant Names Index. H.K.A.Winkl.
   | This article about a German botanist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |