HMS Tenacious was an R-class destroyer that served in the Royal Navy during the First World War. The R class were an improvement on the previous M class with geared steam turbines to improve efficiency. Launched in 1917, Tenacious served with the Eleventh Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet. The destroyer had a generally uneventful war. Despite sailing in 1918 to engage the German High Seas Fleet in one of the final sorties of war, the destroyer did not see the enemy fleet and no shots were fired. After the Armistice, the ship was stationed at Devonport. Following a decision to replace older destroyers in the Royal Navy, Tenacious was retired in 1928 and sold to be broken up.
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| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS Tenacious |
| Ordered | March 1916 |
| Builder | Harland & Wolff, Govan |
| Laid down | 25 July 1916 |
| Launched | 21 March 1917 |
| Completed | 12 August 1917 |
| Out of service | 26 June 1928 |
| Fate | Sold to be broken up |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | R-class destroyer |
| Displacement | |
| Length | 265 ft (81 m) (p.p.) |
| Beam | 26 ft 9 in (8 m) |
| Draught | 9 ft (3 m) |
| Installed power | 3 Yarrow boilers, 27,000 shp (20,000 kW) |
| Propulsion | 2 geared Brown-Curtis steam turbines, 2 shafts |
| Speed | 36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph) |
| Range | 3,450 nmi (6,390 km; 3,970 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) |
| Complement | 82 |
| Armament |
|
Design and development edit
Tenacious was one of 23 R-class destroyers ordered by the British Admiralty in March 1916 as part of the Seventh War Programme during the First World War.[1] The design was generally similar to the preceding M class, but differed in having geared steam turbines, giving greater fuel efficiency, the aft gun mounted on a raised platform, higher forecastle for better seakeeping and a larger and more robust bridge structure.[2][3][4]
The destroyer had a length of 265 feet (81 m) between perpendiculars and 276 feet (84 m) overall, a beam of 26 feet 9 inches (8 m) and a draught of 9 feet (3 m).[5] Displacement was 975 long tons (991 t) normal and 1,173 long tons (1,192 t) deep load. Power was provided by three Yarrow boilers feeding two Brown-Curtis geared turbines rated at 27,000 shaft horsepower (20,000 kW) and driving two shafts, to give a design speed of 36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph). Three funnels were fitted. A total of 296 long tons (301 t) of fuel oil was carried, which gave a design range of 3,450 nautical miles (6,390 km; 3,970 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph).[2]
Armament consisted of three single 4 in (102 mm) Mk IV guns on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft on a raised platform and one between the second and third funnels. A single 2-pounder 40 mm (2 in) "pom-pom" anti-aircraft gun was carried, while torpedo armament consisted of two twin mounts for 21 in (533 mm) torpedoes.[2] The destroyer was later fitted with racks and storage for depth charges.[6] The number of depth charges available increased in service. By 1918, the vessel was carrying between 30 and 50 depth charges.[7] The ship had a complement of 82 officers and ratings.[5]
Construction and career edit
Laid down by Harland & Wolff at their shipyard in Govan on 25 July 1916, Tenacious was launched on 21 March the following year and completed on 12 August.[5] The destroyer was the first ship in Royal Navy service to carry the name.[8] On commissioning, Tenacious was deployed as part of the Grand Fleet, joining the Eleventh Destroyer Flotilla.[9] The destroyer was allocated to anti-submarine warfare. On 16 October, the ship formed part of a fleet of 84 ships, including 54 destroyers, that were sent to protect convoys travelling from Scandinavia. The deployment led to two British destroyers being sunk by German cruisers while Tenacious did not even sight the enemy.[10] On 24 April 1918, the flotilla took part in the Royal Navy's engagement with one of the final sorties of the German High Seas Fleet during the First World War, although the two fleets did not actually meet and the destroyer returned unharmed.[11]
After the Armistice of 11 November 1918 that ended the war, the Grand Fleet was dissolved and Tenacious was moved to local defence based at Devonport.[12] However, the navy needed to reduce both the number of ships and the amount of staff to save money.[13] In 1923, the Navy decided to scrap many of the older destroyers in preparation for the introduction of newer and larger vessels.[14] The destroyer was sold to Thos. W. Ward at Briton Ferry, on 26 June 1928 to be broken up.[15]
Pennant numbers edit
| Pennant Number | Date |
|---|---|
| F96 | September 1915[16] |
| G02 | January 1918[17] |
| G61 | November 1919[18] |
| H1A | January 1922[19] |
References edit
Citations edit
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 310.
- ^ a b c Preston 1985, p. 81.
- ^ Manning 1961, p. 72.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 326.
- ^ a b c Parkes & Prendergast 1969, p. 108.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 150.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 152.
- ^ Manning & Walker 1959, p. 436.
- ^ "Destroyer Flotillas of the Grand Fleet". Supplement to the Monthly Navy List: 12. October 1917. Retrieved 4 December 2023 – via National Library of Scotland.
- ^ Newbolt 1931, p. 151–156.
- ^ Newbolt 1931, p. 287.
- ^ "III. — Local Defence and Training Establishments". The Navy List: 704. October 1919. Retrieved 4 December 2023 – via National Library of Scotland.
- ^ Moretz 2002, p. 79.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 180.
- ^ Colledge & Warlow 2006, p. 346.
- ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 53.
- ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 61.
- ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 64.
- ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 77.
Bibliography edit
- Bush, Steve; Warlow, Ben (2021). Pendant Numbers of the Royal Navy: A Complete History of the Allocation of Pendant Numbers to Royal Navy Warships & Auxiliaries. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-526793-78-2.
- Colledge, J.J.; Warlow, Ben (2006). Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of All Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy. London: Chatham Press. ISBN 978-1-93514-907-1.
- Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the First World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
- Manning, Thomas Davys (1961). The British Destroyer. London: Putnam. OCLC 6470051.
- Manning, Thomas Davys; Walker, Charles Frederick (1959). British Warship Names. London: Putnam. OCLC 780274698.
- Moretz, Joseph (2002). The Royal Navy and the Capital Ship in the Interwar Period. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-71465-196-5.
- Newbolt, Henry (1931). Naval Operations: Vol. V. History of the Great War. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
- Parkes, Oscar; Prendergast, Maurice (1969). Jane's Fighting Ships 1919. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. OCLC 907574860.
- Preston, Antony (1985). "Great Britain and Empire Forces". In Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 1–104. ISBN 978-0-85177-245-5.