HMS D5 was one of eight D-class submarines built for the Royal Navy during the first decade of the 20th century.
 HMS D5
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS D5 |
| Builder | Vickers Armstrong, Barrow-in-Furness |
| Laid down | 23 February 1910 |
| Launched | 28 August 1911 |
| Commissioned | 19 February 1911 |
| Fate | Sunk, 3 November 1914 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | D-class submarine |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 163 ft (50 m) (o/a) |
| Beam | 13.6 ft (4.1 m) (o/a) |
| Installed power |
|
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
|
| Range |
|
| Complement | 25 |
| Armament | 3 × 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes (2 forward, one aft) |
Description edit
The D-class submarines were designed as improved and enlarged versions of the preceding C class, with diesel engines replacing the dangerous petrol engines used earlier. D3 and subsequent boats were slightly larger than the earlier boats. They had a length of 164 feet 7 inches (50.2 m) overall, a beam of 20 feet 5 inches (6.2 m) and a mean draught of 11 feet 5 inches (3.5 m). They displaced 495 long tons (503 t) on the surface and 620 long tons (630 t) submerged.[1] The D-class submarines had a crew of 25 officers and ratings and were the first to adopt saddle tanks.[2]
For surface running, the boats were powered by two 600-brake-horsepower (447 kW) diesels, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a 275-horsepower (205 kW) electric motor. They could reach 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) on the surface and 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph) underwater. On the surface, the D class had a range of 2,500 nautical miles (4,600 km; 2,900 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).[2]
The boats were armed with three 18-inch (45 cm) torpedo tubes, two in the bow and one in the stern. They carried one reload for each tube, a total of six torpedoes.[2]
Construction and career edit
D5 was one of six D-class submarines ordered from Vickers Armstrong under the 1909–1910 Naval Estimates and was laid down at Vickers' Barrow-in-Furness shipyard on 23 February 1910. She was launched on 28 August 1911 and completed on 19 January 1912.[3]
On the outbreak of the First World War, D5, along with the rest of her class, was assigned to the 8th Submarine Flotilla. The Flotilla, including D5 was assigned to patrol in the east end of the English Channel during the passage of the British Expeditionary Force to France in early August.[4][5] On 21 August 1914, D5 was on patrol west of Heligoland when she spotted a force of German warships that were carrying out a sortie into the North Sea against British fishing vessels. D5 fired two torpedoes at the German light cruiser Rostock, both of which missed.[6][5]
D5 met her fate 2 nmi (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) south of South Cross Buoy off Great Yarmouth in the North Sea. She was sunk by a German mine laid by SMS Stralsund on 3 November 1914 after responding to a German attack on Yarmouth by cruisers. There were only five survivors, including her commanding officer, Lieutenant Commander Godfrey Herbert.
Wreck edit
In 2016 Historic England commissioned an investigation of the wreck site by Wessex Archaeology as part of Archaeological Services in Relation to Marine Protection, a two-year project to assess a selection of underwater sites around the English coast.[7] The investigation involved a geophysical survey over the location of the wreck site followed by a diver survey, which found that whilst the wreck of D5 meets the criteria for designation, it is sufficiently buried as to not be at risk.[8] The decision was ultimately made not to designate the wreck at that time.[9]
Notes edit
- ^ Harrison 1979, Chapter 4
- ^ a b c Gardiner & Gray 1985, p. 87
- ^ Harrison 1979, Appendix 1, p. I.5
- ^ Naval Staff Monograph No. 6 1921, p. 56
- ^ a b Croce 2016, p. 14
- ^ Naval Staff Monograph No. 23 1924, pp. 95–97
- ^ "Archaeological Services in Relation to Marine Protection (2015−2017) | Our Work | Wessex Archaeology". www.wessexarch.co.uk. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
- ^ Croce, Paulo (2016). "HMS D5 off Lowestoft, Suffolk : Archaeological Services in Relation to Marine Protection, Undesignated Site Assessment Historic England Research Report 96/2016". research.historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
- ^ BOGGIS, MARK. "World War I submarine wrecked off East coast gives up her secrets". Lowestoft Journal. Retrieved 9 May 2020.[permanent dead link]
References edit
- Akermann, Paul (2002). Encyclopaedia of British Submarines 1901–1955 (reprint of the 1989 ed.). Penzance, Cornwall: Periscope Publishing. ISBN 1-904381-05-7.
- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
- Croce, Paulo (January 2016) HMS D5 off Lowestoft, Suffolk: Archaeological Services in Relation to Marine Protection, Undesignated Site Assessment, Wessex Archaeology.
- Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
- Harrison, A. N. (January 1979). "The Development of HM Submarines From Holland No. 1 (1901) to Porpoise (1930) (BR3043)". RN Subs. Retrieved 19 August 2015.
- Monograph No. 6: The Passage of the Expeditionary Force, August 1914 (PDF). Naval Staff Monographs (Historical). Vol. III. The Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division. 1921. pp. 1–70.
- Monograph No. 23: Home Waters—Part I.: From the Outbreak of War to 27 August 1915 (PDF). Naval Staff Monographs (Historical). Vol. X. The Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division. 1924.
External links edit
- MaritimeQuest HMS D-5 Pages
- HMS D-5 Roll of Honour
- 'Submarine losses 1904 to present day' - Royal Navy Submarine Museum Archived 25 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine
- Historic England project to research First World War Submarine wrecks Archived 24 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine