Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy, also known as amyloid corneal dystrophy, is a rare form of corneal dystrophy. The disease was described by Nakaizumi as early as 1914.[1]
| Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Subepithelial amyloidosis of the cornea |
 | |
| A completely opaque cornea with multiple drop-like nodular opacities. Some blood vessels are present in the opaque cornea | |
Presentation
editThe main pathological features in this dystrophy are mulberry-shaped gelatinous masses beneath the corneal epithelium. Patients suffer from photophobia, foreign body sensation in the cornea. The loss of vision is severe. The amyloid nodules have been found to contain lactoferrin, but the gene encoding lactoferrin is unaffected.[2]
This form of corneal amyloidosis appears to be more frequent in Japan.[3]
Genetics
editA number of mutations causing this disease have been described in the M1S1 (TACSTD2) gene encoding Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2, but not all patients have these mutations, suggesting involvement of other genes.[2]
Diagnosis
editThis section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017) |
Treatment
editRecurrence within a few years occurs in all patients following corneal transplantation.[2] Soft contact lenses are effective in decreasing recurrences.[4]
References
edit- ^ Nakaizumi, K. : A rare case of corneal dystrophy. Acta. Soc. Ophthal. Jpn. 18: 949-950, 1914
- ^ a b c Klintworth GK (2009). "Corneal dystrophies". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 4 (1): 7. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-4-7. PMC 2695576. PMID 19236704.
- ^ Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 204870
- ^ Maeno, Sayo; Soma, Takeshi; Tsujikawa, Motokazu; Shigeta, Ryujiro; Kawasaki, Ryo; Oie, Yoshinori; Koh, Shizuka; Maruyama, Kazuichi; Kawasaki, Satoshi; Maeda, Naoyuki; Nishida, Kohji (April 25, 2019). "Efficacy of therapeutic soft contact lens in the management of gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy". British Journal of Ophthalmology. 104 (2). BMJ: 241–246. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313809. ISSN 0007-1161.
External links
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Media related to Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy at Wikimedia Commons