Gas separation can refer to any of a number of techniques used to separate gases, either to give multiple products or to purify a single product.
Swing adsorption techniques
editPressure swing adsorption
editPressure swing adsorption (PSA) pressurizes and depressurizes a multicomponent gas around an adsorbent medium to selectively adsorb some components of a gas while leaving other components free-flowing.[1]
Vacuum swing adsorption
editVacuum swing adsorption (VSA) uses the same principle as PSA but swings between vacuum pressures and atmospheric pressure.[2] PSA and VSA techniques may be combined and are called "vacuum pressure swing adsorption" (VPSA) in this case.
Temperature swing adsorption
editTemperature swing adsorption (TSA) is similar to other swing adsorption techniques but cycles the temperature of the adsorbent bed-gas system instead of the gas pressure to achieve separation.[2]
Cryogenic distillation
editCryogenic distillation is typically only used for very high volumes because of its nonlinear cost-scale relationship, which makes the process more economical at larger scales. Because of this it is typically only used for air separation.[3]
See also
edit- Oxygen concentrator – Device that removes nitrogen from air
- Nitrogen generator
- Industrial gas – Gaseous materials produced for use in industry
- Air separation – Chemical process
- Natural-gas processing – Industrial processes designed to purify raw natural gas
- Solid sorbents for carbon capture – Solid materials that can adsorb carbon dioxide from air.
References
edit- ^ Basu, Swapan; Debnath, Ajay (2019). PowerPlant Instrumentation and Control Handbook. ISBN 978-0-12-819504-8.
- ^ a b Ntiamoah, Augustine; Ling, Jianghua; et al. (18 September 2015). "CO2 capture by vacuum swing adsorption: role of multiple pressure equalization steps". Adsorption. 21: 509–522. doi:10.1007/s10450-015-9690-8. hdl:11343/115935.
- ^ Hermes, Santa Anna; Amaro, Barreto; et al. (May 2016). "Methane/nitrogen separation through pressure swing adsorption process from nitrogen-rich streams". Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification. 103: 70–79. doi:10.1016/j.cep.2015.11.002.