In wooden ships, floor timber is the support below the flooring plank. As modern ships are not made of timber, the same concept is known by several names; bulkhead, transversal frame or side girder. This steel framing is usually made with lightening holes.[1][2] If floor timbers lay tight between the floor and the hull, bulkhead compartments are created.
In modern ships, the inside space at the bottom produced by transversal frames are called bilges in plural, singular for the external side or bilge.
History
editRoman era boats (2nd century AD) found in the Lower Rhine, current Netherlands, employed this structural style.[3] In Roman corbita merchant ships (1st century AD),[4] bulkheads were formed between the floor and hull due to transversal floor timbers.[5]
English appears to lack a specific word for this sort of wooden transversal frames,[6] however in several Romance languages, the specific word "varangue" and "varenga" for floor timber appears to be derived from old Norman around 1379.[7][8][9]
The style was also employed in ships during the Age of Sail.[10][11][12][13]
References
edit- ^ Eyres, David J.; Bruce, George J. (2012). Ship construction (7th ed.). Amsterdam, [Netherlands]: Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 180. ISBN 978-0-08-097239-8.
- ^ 0MAR (2020-03-17). "Dalot" (PDF). Retrieved 2024-09-30.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Visser, Ronald M.; Vorst, Yardeni (2022-12-23). "Connecting Ships: Using Dendrochronological Network Analysis to Determine the Wood Provenance of Roman-Period River Barges Found in the Lower Rhine Region and Visualise Wood Use Patterns". International Journal of Wood Culture. 3 (1–3): 123–151. doi:10.1163/27723194-bja10014. ISSN 2772-3186.
- ^ "corbita". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 2024-09-29.
- ^ Freire, Jorge; Farinha, Nuno; Fialho, António; Correia, Fernando (2007). "Contributo para o estudo da tecnologia naval romana, a partir da reconstrução gráfica de um navio tipo Corbita". Conimbriga: Revista de Arqueologia. 46: 281–290. doi:10.14195/1647-8657_46_12. ISSN 1647-8657.
- ^ LÓPEZ TORRES, Elena (2006-02-21). "DIFICULTADES ESPECÍFICAS EN LA TRADUCCIÓN DE LA TERMINOLOGÍA NAVAL: EL EJEMPLO DEL TÉRMINO INGLÉS "FRAME" Y SUS EQUIVALENTES DE TRADUCCIÓN EN ESPAÑOL" (PDF). Retrieved 2024-09-30.
- ^ Élisabeth Ridel, les Vikings et les mots : L'apport de l'ancien scandinave à la langue française, éditions errance, Paris, 2009, p. 273 - 274
- ^ RAE - ASALE. "varenga | Definición | Diccionario de la lengua española | RAE - ASALE". dle.rae.es. Retrieved 2024-09-30.
- ^ "Biblia medieval | Varenga". bibliamedieval.es. Retrieved 2024-09-29.
- ^ babor, Todo a (2020-09-17). "La construcción naval española del siglo XVIII a través de algunos modelos de arsenal del Museo Naval de Madrid". Todo a babor (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-09-29.
- ^ Castro, Filipe (2001-01-01). "L'épave dun navire de la moitié du XV.ème siècle / début du XVI.ème, trouvée au Cais do Sodré (Lisbonne). Note Préliminaire". Proceedings of the International Symposium 'Archaeology of Medieval and Modern Ships of Iberian-Atlantic Tradition'.
- ^ "Ruiz Godia, J. (2011). Arquitectura y tecnología en el diseño del estándar mercante bergantín. Universidad de Cantabria". raco.cat. Retrieved 2024-09-30.
- ^ Apestegui, C. (1998). La arquitectura naval entre 1660 y 1754. Aproximación a los aspectos tecnológicos y su reflejo en la construcción en Guipúzcoa. Itsas memoria. Revista de estudios marítimos del País Vasco, 2, 237-266.