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The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a psychological measurement that explores mindfulness.
FFMQ is based on five independently developed mindfulness questionnaires that are bound together in a factor analytic study. The questionnaire consists of 39 items. The five facets are: observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging of inner experience, and non-reactivity to inner experience.
The FFMQ was created by Ruth A. Baer and her colleagues.[1] The article has been cited by over 6000 PubMed Central articles. The FFMQ has been translated into and validated for many languages, including Swedish[2] and French.[3]
Recently, scholars have also started to rely upon the FFMQ to develop computational models of mindfulness wherein mindfulness is viewed as a set of interrelated skills constitutive of mindfulness.[4]
Criticism
One criticism of the FFMQ is that negative and positive question wording introduces variance unrelated to the constructs being measured, a so-called "method effect".[5]
See also
References
- ^ Baer, Ruth A. (2006). "Using Self-Report Assessment Methods to Explore Facets of Mindfulness". Assesment. doi:10.1177/1073191105283504. PMID 16443717.
- ^ Lilja, Josefine L. (2011). "Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire--reliability and factor structure: a Swedish version". Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. doi:10.1080/16506073.2011.580367. PMID 21770845.
- ^ Heeren, Alexandre; Douilliez, Céline; Peschard, Virginie; Debrauwere, Laetitia; Philippot, Pierre (2011). "Cross-cultural validity of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire: Adaptation and validation in a French-speaking sample". European Review of Applied Psychology. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2011.02.001.
- ^ Heeren, A.; Lannoy, S.; Coussement, C.; Hoebeke, Y.; Verschuren, A.; Blanchard, M.A.; Chakroun-Baggioni, N.; Philippot, P.; Gierski, F. (2021). "A network approach to the five-facet model of mindfulness". Scientific Reports. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-94151-2. PMC 8302557. PMID 34301994.
- ^ Van Dam, Nicholas T.; Hobkirk, Andréa L.; Danoff-Burg, Sharon; Earleywine, Mitch (2012). "Mind Your Words". Assessment. 19 (2): 198–204. doi:10.1177/1073191112438743. PMID 22389242.
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