Eichenwald is a surname, which literally means "oak forest" in German and Yiddish languages. In Russian language, the surname is rendered as "Айхенва́льд", which may by transliterated into English as Aikhenvald or Aykhenvald.
Bearers of this surname include:
- Alexander Eichenwald (1864–1944), Russian physicist
- Harry Wald (born Hans Eichenwald; 1924–1996), German-born American holocaust survivor, veteran and casino executive
- Kurt Eichenwald (born 1961), American journalist
- Yuly Aykhenvald (1872–1928), Russian Jewish literary critic
- Alexandra Aikhenvald (born 1957), Russian-Australian linguist
- Natalia Shvedova (maiden name Айхенва́льд; 1916–2009), Soviet lexicographer