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The Statewide Database (SWDB) is the official redistricting database for the state of California. The SWDB was created by the California legislature in 1993 as the legally mandated data source for statewide redistricting. With the passage of the FAIR MAPS Act in 2019, the SWDB became the mandated data source for city and county level redistricting as well. The redistricting database is a free public resource. SWDB’s redistricting database includes the following datasets:
- U.S. Census Bureau; Decennial Census P.L. 94-171, tables P2, P4, and P5
- U.S. Census Bureau; American Community Survey, Citizen Voting Age Population (CVAP)
- Statement of Vote from statewide elections; provided by County Elections Departments
- Statement of Registration from statewide elections; provided by County Elections Departments
- Precinct data and geography; provided by County Elections Departments
The Statewide Database is housed at the University of California, Berkeley.
History and Legislation
The Statewide Database originated from a dataset that was created for California's State Assembly, and used in the redistricting of 1981. In 1993, the California Legislature voted to move the database permanently to a nonpartisan environment. In 2001, the Statewide Database’s redistricting dataset was used by the state legislature to draw California’s statewide districts.
In November 2008, California voters passed California Proposition 11, the Voters First Act, which mandated the establishment of a California Citizens Redistricting Commission (CCRC) to draw California’s State Assembly, State Senate, and Board of Equalization districts. The 2010 passage of California Proposition 20, the Voters First Act for Congress, further charged the CCRC to draw the state’s U.S. Congressional District boundaries following the congressional apportionment based on results of the 2010 United States census. The redistricting dataset processed and published by the Statewide Database has been used by the CCRC in the 2011 and 2021 redistrictings.
2019 saw the passage of Assembly Bill 849, also known as The Fair and Inclusive Redistricting for Municipalities and Political Subdivisions (FAIR MAPS) Act. The FAIR MAPS act requires cities and counties to engage communities in the redistricting process by holding public hearings and/or workshops and doing public outreach. In response to these new requirements, the Statewide Database began processing and publishing local election results for specified contests on the city and county level.
In advance of the 2021 redistricting cycle, California’s Election Code was updated to request that the CCRC “deem each incarcerated person as residing at his or her last known place of residence, rather than at the institution of his or her incarceration,” for purposes of redistricting, per CA Election Code 21003. As a result, the Statewide Database’s 2021 dataset reallocates data about individuals incarcerated in state correctional facilities back to their last known residential address and excludes data from individuals incarcerated in federal correctional facilities.
References edit
https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB849
https://statewidedatabase.org/