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Dihmit South is Ancient Egyptian amethyst, gold and possibly copper mine and fortified mining settlement dating to the Middle Kingdom. This article has not been added to any content categories. Please help out by adding categories to it so that it can be listed with similar articles. (July 2024) It is about 50 km south of Aswan.[1] [1] Dihmit South is a part of four Middle Kingdom mines discovered east of Lake Nasser in 2014. The settlement was found with pottery associated with the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt, as well as hieroglyphic inscriptions, one of which is dated to year 31 of Senusret I. [2]
| Location | |
|---|---|
  Dihmit South | |
| Aswan Governorate | |
| Country | Egypt |
| Coordinates | 23°41′46″N 33°1′50″E / 23.69611°N 33.03056°E |
| Production | |
| Products | Gold, Amethyst possibly Copper |
Purpose
editDihmit South along with the other Middle Kingdom forts in Lower Nubia were likely constructed during the occupation of Lower Nubia from 2000 BC to 1700 BC. Their purpose was to control the trade along the Nile, the movement of local Nubian pastoralists and likely to protect against incursions from the Kingdom of Kerma located South of the forts in the Upper Nile. Forts like Dihmit South were vital for the Middle Kingdoms' peace-time control of Lower Nubia, as well as occasional military expeditions South of them[3] The mine which Dihmit South was built to protect was used for gold extraction, but may have as well had a combined purpose of copper production as was done elsewhere during the Middle Kingdom. Modern gold prospectors are still active in the area.
Construction
editMaterial used to construct these forts was locally available bedrock, unlike the mudbrick commonly associated with Middle Kingdom construction along the Nile. This stone was not quarried, but rather harvested as loose rubble from local hillsides. These fortifications included solid walls, bastions and windows. As one of the largest of these desert fortifications, Dihmit South had walls whose length was approximately 310 meters and covered an area of approximately 5900 square meters, as well as bastions and windows. The original walls height ranged from 1.5 to 2 meters.[4]
References
edit- ^ Harrell, James A. and Robert E. Mittelstaedt. 2015. 'Newly Discovered Middle Kingdom Forts in Lower Nubia', Sudan and Nubia 19, pp. 30-39
- ^ Harrell, J. A. 2015. Newly discovered Middle Kingdom forts in the Eastern Desert south of Aswan. Presentation at 66th annual meeting of the American Research Center in Egypt, Houston, TX; abstract in 'Program and Abstracts', p. 45-46
- ^ Ferreira, E. (2019). The Lower Nubian Egyptian Fortresses in the Middle Kingdom: A Strategic Point of View. Athens Journal of History, 5(1), 31–52. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhis.5-1-2
- ^ Harrell, J. A. (2015). Newly Discovered Middle Kingdom Forts in Lower Nubia. The Sudan Archeological Research Society, (19), 30–38.
2.https://arce.org/event/arce-dc-washington-whos-getting-amethyst-in-ancient-egypt/
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