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Digital humanitarian responses refers to digital solutions to enhance the efficiency, effectiveness, and reach of humanitarian aid delivery. These technological advances range from mobile technology applications to data analytics, GIS, blockchain, and use of digital platforms. Digital responses allow humanitarian organizations to be better equipped to respond to crises, enabling organizations to respond more effectively and improve the lives of affected populations.[1][2]
Mobile technology and communication edit
One of the most direct ways digital initiatives are impacting humanitarian responses is through the use of mobile technology. Mobile phones and applications enable real-time communication between aid providers and those in need, facilitating more efficient delivery of services and resources. For example, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) has utilized mobile cash transfers to provide assistance to people in disaster regions, allowing them to purchase necessities according to their immediate needs. In addition, initiatives like the Red Cross's deployment of SMS-based systems facilitate quick dissemination of crucial information and gather feedback from affected communities. This direct line of communication helps in tailoring responses to the specific needs of a community, enhancing the effectiveness of relief efforts.[3][4][5]
Data analytics and predictive modelling edit
The use of data analytics and predictive modelling in humanitarian responses by analyzing vast amounts of data, organizations can predict where and when humanitarian crises are likely to occur, enabling preemptive action. The World Food Programme (WFP), for example, employs advanced analytics to forecast food shortages and conflict areas, optimizing their logistical operations and aid distribution efforts. This predictive capacity helps in mitigating the effects of disasters and conflicts before they escalate into larger crises.[6]
Geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing edit
Geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing technologies have revolutionized the way humanitarian agencies map crisis areas and assess damage. These tools allow for detailed spatial analysis and visualization of affected regions, enhancing decision-making processes and resource allocation. After the 2015 Nepal earthquake, GIS and remote sensing were pivotal in mapping damaged infrastructure and identifying accessible routes for aid delivery, demonstrating the critical role of digital technologies in disaster response planning and execution.[7][8]
Blockchain for transparency and efficiency edit
Blockchain technology is increasingly being explored as a means to enhance transparency and efficiency in humanitarian aid distribution. By creating a secure and immutable ledger of transactions, blockchain can reduce fraud and ensure that resources reach their intended recipients. The World Food Programme’s Building Blocks project, for example, is utilizing blockchain to manage and track food assistance to Syrian refugees, significantly reducing transaction costs and improving aid delivery accountability.[9][10][11]
Digital platforms for volunteer and resource mobilization edit
Digital platforms play a crucial role in mobilizing volunteers and resources in response to humanitarian crises. Platforms like the Digital Humanitarian Network facilitate the coordination of digital volunteers who can offer remote support in data processing, information management, and social media analysis during disasters.[12][13]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Meier, Patrick (16 January 2015). Digital Humanitarians: How Big Data Is Changing the Face of Humanitarian Response. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-4822-4839-5.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ Akhmatova, Dzhennet-Mari; Akhmatova, Malika-Sofi (2020). "Promoting digital humanitarian action in protecting human rights: hope or hype". Journal of International Humanitarian Action. 5 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/s41018-020-00076-2. ISSN 2364-3412.
- ^ "Disaster Response: Mobile Money for the Displaced". The CALP Network. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
- ^ "Cash transfers and the future of humanitarian assistance" (PDF).
- ^ "Understanding the role of mobile technologies for humanitarian relief".
- ^ Jelonek, Aleksandra Christine (2023-01-01). "Use of Predictive Analytics in Humanitarian Operations". ETD Collection for Fordham University: 1–61.
- ^ "A Review of Geospatial Information Technology for Natural Disaster Management in Developing Countries".
- ^ "New System Put into Service to Process Nepal Earthquake Data". science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
- ^ "Blockchain as a chain for humanitarian aid: Transforming the lives of refugees" (PDF).
- ^ Thylin, Theresia; Duarte, María Fernanda Novelo (2019-05-04). "Leveraging blockchain technology in humanitarian settings – opportunities and risks for women and girls". Gender & Development. 27 (2): 317–336. doi:10.1080/13552074.2019.1627778. ISSN 1355-2074.
- ^ "Building Blocks | World Food Programme". www.wfp.org. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
- ^ "Digital Volunteer Networks and Humanitarian Crisis Reporting".
- ^ Chernobrov, Dmitry (2018-08-09). "Digital Volunteer Networks and Humanitarian Crisis Reporting". Digital Journalism. 6 (7): 928–944. doi:10.1080/21670811.2018.1462666. ISSN 2167-0811.