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Chavusy or Chausy (Belarusian: Чавусы, romanized: Čavusy; Russian: Чаусы; Polish: Czausy) is a town in Mogilev Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Chavusy District. In 2009, its population was 10,692.[2] As of 2024, it has a population of 9,817.[1]
Chavusy
Чавусы | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Chavusy | |
| Coordinates: 53°48′27″N 30°58′17″E / 53.80750°N 30.97139°E | |
| Country | Belarus |
| Region | Mogilev Region |
| District | Chavusy District |
| Population (2024)[1] | |
| • Total | 9,817 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK) |
Jewish history edit
It once was a substantial Jewish shtetl, which dated from the 17th century, as appears from a charter granted to the Jews January 11, 1667, by Michał Kazimierz Pac, castellan of Wilno, and confirmed by King Augustus III of Poland. March 9, 1739.
In 1780, at the time of a visit of Catherine II, there was a Jewish population of 355, in 1,057; and the town possessed one synagogue. In 1803 the Jewish population was 453, in 1,185; in 1870 it was 2,433, in 4,167; and in 1897, 2,775, in about 6,000. Some of the Jewish artisans were employed in the tanneries and in silk and woolen factories. The Jewish population in the district of Chaussy (including the town) in 1897 was 7,444, or 8.42 per cent of the total population.
Chaussy was occupied during World War II by the Germans beginning in July 1941.[3] Though a portion of the Jewish population was able to escape before the Germans arrived, the remaining Jews were registered, marked and subjected to forced labor under the German occupation. The first two round-ups of Jews occurred in August 1941, in which approximately 50 Jews were killed.[4] Overall, approximately 675 Jews were executed in Chaussy.[5] In 1952-53, thanks to funds collected from the relatives of victims, the remains of the victims were reburied at the Jewish cemetery. A total of 127 bags of remains were reburied, and the first memorial was erected in 1958, which was later replaced by a second one.
Notable residents edit
- Ekaterina Ivanchikova, singer
- Parents of actor Kirk Douglas[6]
References edit
- ^ a b "Численность населения на 1 января 2024 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2023 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа". belsat.gov.by. Archived from the original on 2 April 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ Численность населения областей и районов: Могилевская (PDF) (in Russian). Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 September 2010. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
- ^ "Чаусы". Retrieved January 31, 2019.
- ^ "Чаусы". Retrieved January 31, 2019.
- ^ "Execution Sites of Jewish Victims Investigated by Yahad-In Unum". Yahad Interactive Map. Retrieved 6 January 2015.
- ^ "Michael Douglas Unravels His Family's Secret Past". PBS SoCal. Retrieved 2024-04-18.
Bibliography edit
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herman Rosenthal (1901–1906). "Chaussy". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
External links edit
- Unofficial site of the city Chausy and Chaussy District
- The murder of the Jews of Chavusy during World War II, at Yad Vashem website.
