Docidava (castra)

(Redirected from Castra of Buciumi)

Docidava[3] was a fort in the Roman province of Dacia in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD.[1][2] Remains of the surrounding vicus were also unearthed.[2] The castra's ruins are located in Buciumi, Romania.[1][2]

Docidava
Principia
Docidava (castra) is located in Romania
Docidava (castra)
Location within Romania
Alternative name(s)castra of Buciumi
Founded during the reign ofTrajan
Founded2nd century AD[1]
Abandoned3rd century AD[1]
Place in the Roman world
ProvinceDacia Superior
Administrative unitDacia Porolissensis
LimesPorolissensis
Directly connected to
Structure
— Stone structure —
Size and area134 m × 167 m (2.2 ha)
— Wood and earth structure —
Size and area125 m × 160 m (2.0 ha)
Stationed military units
Cohorts
I Augusta Ituraeorum, II Augusta Brittonum
Location
Coordinates47°02′54″N 23°02′41″E / 47.048292°N 23.044678°E / 47.048292; 23.044678
Altitude373 m
Place nameGrădiște
TownBuciumi
Country Romania
Reference
RO-LMISJ-I-s-A-04862[2]
RO-RAN140388.03[1]
Site notes
Recognition National Historical Monument
ConditionRuined
ExhibitionsCounty Museum of History and Art, Zalău

It controlled the road through the Rag pass cutting through Meseș Mountains which was blocked by a stone wall (clausura) directing the traffic to a guarded entrance, and the road from the fort of Bologa towards the central area of the NW segment of Limes Porolissensis. It was supported by two fortlets and approximately 23 towers.[4]

History

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Three construction phases were highlighted:[5]

1. The earthen fort, rectangular plan, 125x160m, wood and earth walls 10 m thick and 1.75 m high; simple ditches with an opening of 9-10 m and a depth of 1.50-2 m; porta praetoria on the S side; traces of barracks in the praetentura. Troops: the I Augusta Ituraeorum cohort was initially and after 114, cohort II Augusta Nerviana milliaria Brittonum;

2. The stone fort, built at the beginning of the 3rd century during the reign of Caracalla (211-217) and occupied by cohort II Augusta Nerviana milliaria Brittonum, which also bore the name Antoniniana (Caracalla); rectangular plan with rounded corners, 134x167 m, with the same orientation as the previous fort; 1.20 thick walls in opus incertum; trapezoidal corner towers, 5.40x5.50x5.50x7m; square curtain towers on the S side; three gates with double entrances; porta decumana simple entrance; apart from the porta praetoria which has quadrangular towers, the others have semicircular towers; inside: Principia 26x32 m; atrium 15.50x16.20 m; basilica with court 8.25x26m; behind aedes princiorum flanked by two chambers; in latus sinistrum two horrea 12x26 m; in latus dextrum, praetorium 28x30m; in the praetentura 6 stone barracks, three on each side of the via praetoria.

3. Probably during the reign of Severus Alexander (222-235), some buildings were built over the via sagularis; on the S side near the porta praetoria, two buildings were built over the wave and over the via sagularis; these buildings seem to date, however, to the late 3rd century.

To the NE of the fort are traces of civil settlements; to the SE were probably the bath.

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e "140388.03". National Archaeological Record of Romania (RAN). ran.cimec.ro. 7 May 2009. Archived from the original on 16 April 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d "Lista Monumentelor Istorice 2010 ("2010 List of Historic Monuments")" (PDF). Monitorul Oficial al României, Partea I, Nr. 670 ("Romania's Official Journal, Part I, Nr. 670"), page 2082. Ministerul Culturii şi Patrimoniului Naţional. 1 October 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 June 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
  3. ^ Deac, Dan (2013-01-01). "Dan Deac, The Toponymy of Dacia Porolissensis. Recent Research and New Approaches". Ephemeris Napocensis XXIII.
  4. ^ Boragno, Lorenzo (6 January 2022). "The iron of the Empire: the production of iron made military equipment in the province of Dacia (AD 106 - AD 270)" (PDF). HAL. p. 272. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  5. ^ "Buciumi". Archived from the original on 2012-03-16. Retrieved 2011-08-01.
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47°02′54″N 23°02′41″E / 47.04833°N 23.04472°E / 47.04833; 23.04472