Caladenia parva is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single leaf and one or two green flowers with red stripes along the sepals and petals.
| Small spider orchid | |
|---|---|
| |
| Caladenia parva growing near Taradale | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Genus: | Caladenia |
| Species: | C. parva
|
| Binomial name | |
| Caladenia parva | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Description
editCaladenia parva is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single leaf, 30–100 mm (1–4 in) long, 5–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide and which often has red spots near its base. One or two greenish flowers with red stripes are borne on a spike 50–150 mm (2–6 in) tall. The sepals have thick, brown, club-like glandular tips 3–6 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long. The dorsal sepal curves forward and is 25–35 mm (0.98–1.4 in) long and about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide. The lateral sepals are 25–35 mm (0.98–1.4 in) long, about 3 mm (0.1 in) wide and are parallel to or sometimes cross over each other. The petals are 20–26 mm (0.8–1 in) long, 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in) wide and curve downwards. The labellum is greenish with a white central region a dark red tip which curls under. It is 11–14 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long and 10–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) wide and has thin green teeth up to 3 mm (0.1 in) on the sides. There are four rows of reddish-black calli up to 2 mm (0.08 in) long in the centre of the labellum. Flowering occurs in September and October.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming
editCaladenia parva was first formally described in 1991 by Geoffrey Carr from a specimen collected in the Dergholm State Park. The description was published in Indigenous Flora and Fauna Association Miscellaneous Paper 1.[1] The specific epithet (parva) is a Latin word meaning "little".[5]
Distribution and habitat
editThe small spider orchid occurs in scattered locations across southern Victoria and the far south-eastern corner of South Australia where it grows woodland and coastal scrub.[2]
Conservation
editCaladenia parva is not listed under the Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Caladenia parva". APNI. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
- ^ a b c Jeanes, Jeffrey. "Caladenia parva". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria: Vicflora. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
- ^ Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 92. ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ "Caladenia parva". Yarra Ranges Shire Council. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
- ^ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 489.