Brooke Bond is a brand of tea owned by LIPTON Teas and Infusions, except in India, Nepal, and Indonesia where it is owned by Unilever.[1] Brooke Bond was formerly an independent tea-trading and manufacturing company in the United Kingdom, known for its PG Tips brand and its Brooke Bond tea cards.[2]
 | |
| Industry | Tea |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1869 |
| Founder | Arthur Brooke |
| Headquarters | United Kingdom |
| Parent | LIPTON Teas and Infusions |
History
editBrooke Bond & Company was founded by Arthur Brooke, who was born at 6 George Street, Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire, England, in 1845. In 1869, he opened his first teahouse at 23 Market Street, Manchester.[3] Brooke chose the business name because it was his 'bond' to his customers to provide quality teas, hence Brooke Bond. The firm expanded into wholesale tea sales in the 1870s.[3]
In 1903, Brooke Bond launched Red Label in British India.[4]
In 1908 Brooke Bond set up the Berkshire Printing Company Ltd, based in Reading, as the company’s printing division for tea packeting of its products and, notably, the tea cards which they contained. This also expanded from the 1930s to include production of playing cards by high quality lithography.[5]
The company opened a packing factory in Goulston Street, Stepney, London, in 1911.[6]
Brooke Bond's most famous brand is PG Tips, launched under the name Pre-Gest-Tea in 1930.[7][8]
By 1957, Brooke Bond was probably the largest tea company in the world, with one third share of both the British and Indian tea markets.[9]
In 1972, Brooke Bond launched Laojee in Sri Lanka.[10]
The company merged with Liebig in 1968, becoming Brooke Bond Liebig, which was acquired by Unilever in 1984. The Brooke Bond name was significantly decreased by Unilever, however, the Brooke Bond tea brand was temporarily reintroduced on sale in 2019 in the UK, for its 150th anniversary,[11] after a 20 year absence.[12]
Gold Crown Foods Ltd was licensed by Unilever to use the Brooke Bond name for the Brooke Bond 'D' and Brooke Bond Choicest brands.[13] Today, the licence for D Tea is held by Typhoo, who used to sell it through their website – it had identical packaging to before minus the words 'Brooke Bond', although it is not currently available.
Unilever reached an agreement in November 2021 to sell the majority of its tea business to private equity firm CVC Capital Partners for €4.5 billion.[14][15] This included the Brooke Bond brand except where Unilever retained its use for tea in India, Nepal, and Indonesia. The sale was completed in July 2022 , with the new company named LIPTON Teas and Infusions.
In Pakistan, Brooke Bond Supreme is the number-one-selling tea brand and is marketed by LIPTON Teas and Infusions as being stronger than its Lipton Yellow Label blend.
In North America Brooke Bond's primary product was Red Rose Tea. Red Rose is still sold by LIPTON Teas and Infusions in Canada, and by Redco Foods, a subsidiary of Teekanne, in the United States.
The Brooke Bond factory at Trafford Park near Manchester has produced PG Tips since 1930.[8] Now part of LIPTON Teas and Infusions, it also produces Pukka herbal teas.
Brands and origins
editBrooke Bond Taj Mahal tea leaves are grown in estates of Upper Assam, Darjeeling and Tripura. It grows on the northern banks of Brahmaputra, which floods its banks every monsoon, creating a rich, humid soil. There is plentiful rain in the monsoon and humidity lasts through the year. The soil and weather together give Assam Tea its 'terroir' – a dark red brew, a strong malty flavor and deep body.
Brooke Bond Red Label is made in tea manufacturing units of Assam, Cooch Behar, Darjeeling and some parts of Meghalaya. The manufacturing process of tea includes the stages of withering (leaving tea leaves to dry), rolling/cutting (through which complex series of chemical changes known as oxidation are initiated), drying and then grading into sizes.
Brooke Bond Taaza is made of high quality fresh green tea leaves.
Brooke Bond Supreme is sold in Pakistan, made from Kenyan tea leaves.
Laojee became the number retail tea brand in Sri Lanka.[16]
Cards
edit
From 1954 until 1999, packets of Brooke Bond tea included illustrated cards, usually 50 in a series, which were collected by many children. One of the most famous illustrators of the cards was Charles Tunnicliffe, the internationally acclaimed bird painter. Most of the initial series were wildlife-based, including 'British Wild Animals', 'British Wild Flowers', 'African Wild Life', 'Asian Wild Life', and 'Tropical Birds'. From the late 1960s, they included historical subjects, such as 'British Costume', 'History of the Motor Car', and 'Famous Britons'. The last series in the 1990s concentrated on the Chimps of the TV adverts. Complete sets and albums in good condition are highly sought after collectors' items. The inclusion of these cards in packets of tea ceased in 1999. There were about 85 separate titles[17] issued around the world: 59 series issued in the UK (1954–1999), 17 series in Canada (1959–1974; 7 of these were also issued in the US, 1960–66), 6 series in what was Rhodesia (1962–66), and 3 series in South Africa (1965–67). Many of them have since been reprinted.
Complete list of UK sets
set no / Title / year of issue / number of cards in set
- B01 British Birds 1954 / 20
- B02 Wild Flowers – Series 1 1955 / 50
- B03 Out Into Space 1956 / 50
- B04 Bird Portraits 1957 / 50
- B05 British Wild Life 1958 / 50
- B06 Wild Flowers – Series 2 1959 / 50
- B07 Freshwater Fish 1960 / 50
- B08 African Wild Life 1961 / 50
- B09 Tropical Birds 1961 / 50
- B10 Asian Wild Life 1962 / 50
- B11 British Butterflies 1963 / 50
- B12 Wildlife In Danger 1963 / 50
- B13 Wild Flowers – Series 3 1964 / 50
- B14 Butterflies of the World 1964 / 50
- B15 Wild Birds in Britain 1965 / 50
- B16 Transport Through the Ages 1966 / 50
- B17 Trees in Britain 1966 / 50
- B18 Flags & Emblems of the World 1967 / 50
- B19 British Costume 1967 / 50
- B20 History of the Motor Car 1968 / 50
- B21 Famous People 1969 / 50
- B22 The Saga of Ships 1970 / 50
- B23 The Race into Space 1971 / 50
- B24 Prehistoric Animals 1972 / 50
- B25 History of Aviation 1972 / 50
- B26 Adventurers and Explorers 1973 / 50
- B27 The Sea – Our Other World 1974 / 50
- L01 Polyfilla Modelling Cards 1974 / 10 (no album – large cards)
- L02 Zena Skinner's International Cookery 1974 / 50 (no album – large cards)
- B28 Inventors and Inventions 1975 / 50
- B29 Wonders of Wildlife 1976 / 50
- B30 Play Better Soccer 1976 / 40
- B31 Police File 1977 / 40
- B32 Vanishing Wildlife 1978 / 40
- B33 Olympic Greats 1979 / 40
- B34 Woodland Wildlife 1980 / 40
- B35 Small Wonders 1981 / 40
- B36 Queen Elizabeth I – Elizabeth II 1983 / 50
- B37 Features of the World 1984 / 50
- B38 Incredible Creatures 1985 / 40 (wall chart only – no album)
- B39 30 Years of the Chimps – the Chimps Album 1986 / 12
- B40 Unexplained Mysteries of the World 1987 / 40
- B41 The Language of Tea 1988 / 12 (wall chart only – no album)
- B42 Discovering Our Coast 1989 / 50
- B43 The Magical World of Disney 1989 / 25
- B44 A Journey Downstream 1990 / 25
- B45 Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles: Dimension X Escapade 1991 / 12
- B46 Olympic Challenge 1992 1992 / 40
- B47 Natural Neighbours 1993 / 40
- B48 The Dinosaur Trail 1993 / 20
- B49 40 Years of cards 1994 / 48 (mail order only – not included in boxes of tea)
- B50 Creatures of Legend 1994 / 24
- B51 Going Wild 1994 / 40
- B52 The Secret Diary of Kevin Tipps 1995 / 50
- B53 PG Chimps 40th Anniversary of Television Advertising 1996 / 40
- B54 Pyramid Power 1996 / 45
- B55 The Wonderful World of Kevin Tipps 1997 / 30
- B56 International Soccer Stars 1998 / 20
- B57 Oracle Cards 1999 / 19 (no album; cards were held over a hot cup of tea, the heat revealed a 'prediction')
- - Survey Card 1999 / 1 (survey to ask if customers wanted Brooke Bond to keep issuing sets of cards or not)
- - Thank You Card 1999 / 1
- - Farewell to PG Tips 1999 / 3
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Editor, Ashley Armstrong, Retail (11 July 2024). "Unilever agrees sale of PG Tips and Lipton to CVC Capital Partners". www.thetimes.com.
{{cite news}}:|last1=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Tickoo, Sakshi. "Best tea advertisement campaigns". www.cityspidey.com. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
- ^ a b "History of PG Tips". English Tea Store. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
- ^ Rajagopal (2000). Marketing Concepts And Cases. New Age International. p. 71. ISBN 978-81-224-1154-6.
- ^ “Berkshire Printing Co., Reading: The world of Playing Cards” https://www.wopc.co.uk/uk/berkshire
- ^ Stepney Borough Guide, 1960, p. 62
- ^ Hoffman, Grace; Farrell, Lucy (4 April 2023). "People amazed to find out PG Tips is just another name for Digestive Tea". Daily Record. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
- ^ a b "PG Tips: A Manchester brew". BBC. 1 March 2005. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
- ^ "Acquisition and Growth" (PDF). www.hbs.edu.
- ^ "Laojee Tea affirms position as SL's No. 1 tea brand". Daily News. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
- ^ 2019-09-06T11:00:00+01:00. "Brooke Bond Tea returns to stores for 150th birthday". Convenience Store. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Selwood2019-08-29T08:12:00+01:00, Daniel. "Brooke Bond tea returns to UK shelves after 20-year absence". The Grocer. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Global Tea & Commodities Ltd". Globaltea.com. Archived from the original on 30 December 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
- ^ https://www.ingredientsnetwork.com/unilever-to-divest-most-of-its-tea-business-but-news084340.html.
{{cite news}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Unilever completes sale of tea business - Food & Drink Business". www.foodanddrinkbusiness.com.au.
- ^ "Laojee affirms position as No.1 selling brand of tea in Sri Lanka - Business News | Daily Mirror". www.dailymirror.lk. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
- ^ "Brooke Bond Tea Cards - Complete Set List". www.teacards.com.