Sir Benjamin Bathurst (c.1639 – 1704) was a British politician, a slave trader, a governor of the East India and Levant companies and a Cofferer of the Royal Household.[1][2]
Benjamin Bathurst | |
|---|---|
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| Member of the British Parliament for Bere Alston | |
| In office 1685–1689 | |
| Governor of the East India Company | |
| In office 1688–1690 | |
| Governor of the Levant Company | |
| In office 1688–1689 | |
| In office 1695 | |
| Member of the British Parliament for New Romney | |
| In office 1702–1704 | |
| Cofferer of the Household | |
| In office 1702–1704 | |
| Monarch | Queen Anne |
| Personal details | |
| Spouse | Frances Apsley |
| Children | 4, including Allen, Peter and Benjamin |
| Occupation | Slave trader |
He was born the 6th surviving son of George Bathurst of Theddingworth, Leicestershire and his first wife Elizabeth Villiers of Hothorpe Hall, Northamptonshire. His family were supporters of King Charles I and after the latter's execution, he chose to move to live in Cadiz.
On his return to England as a wealthy man he married Frances Apsley, a close friend of Princess Anne, who obtained for him a position as Treasurer of her Household, which he retained despite mounting evidence over the years that he was embezzling money from Anne and her husband. He bought the manor of Paulerspury in Northamptonshire and became a London Alderman. He was also made Treasurer to the Duke of York (later James II of England) and in 1682 was knighted.
He entered Parliament in 1685 to represent New Romney as a government nominee, but then chose to represent Bere Alston instead, for which he had also been elected.[1] He held that seat until the election of 1689.
He was deputy governor of the East India Company in 1686-68 and 1695–96 and governor in 1688–90. He was a deputy-governor of the Royal Africa Company in 1680–82 and a sub-governor in 1682–4, 1685-6 and 1689–90. He was deputy governor of the Levant Company in 1686-87 and governor in 1688–89 and 1695. He was also Deputy Governor of the Leeward Islands.[3]
In 1702, on the accession of Queen Anne, he was appointed Cofferer of the Household and again elected to Parliament to represent New Romney, holding both positions until his death in 1704.[1] Although Anne had been convinced of his dishonesty for several years, her friendship with his wife seems to have secured his position.
He had married Frances, the daughter of Sir Allen Apsley of Westminster and Frances Petre, and had 3 sons and a daughter. His 3 sons all became MPs themselves and were Allen Bathurst, 1st Earl Bathurst (born 1684), Peter Bathurst (1687) and Benjamin Bathurst (1692).
Involvement in the slave trade edit
With his senior appointments in the Royal Africa Company and the East India Company, Bathurst was heavily involved in the slave trade.[2] The Royal Africa Company was set up in 1660 to trade along the west coast of Africa. It shipped approximately 100,000 African slaves to the Americas (primarily the Caribbean) as part of the total Atlantic slave trade of 3.1 million by British and Portuguese traders.[4] In 1700, Bathurst purchased Cirencester Park with earnings from commodities including Gold, Silver, cloth and spices as well as the proceeds of slavery. It is still owned by the Bathurst family. When Bathurst died, he left a fortune great enough to endow all three of his sons with country estates.[3]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c "Bathurst, Sir Benjamin". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 4 October 2021.
- ^ a b "Estates within 10 miles of Bristol | Profits | From America to Bristol | Slavery Routes | Bristol and Transatlantic Slavery | PortCities Bristol". discoveringbristol.org.uk. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
- ^ a b Dresser, Madge. Hann, Andrew. (2013). Slavery and the British country house. English Heritage. ISBN 978-1-84802-064-1. OCLC 796755629.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Mottier, Veronique Athol, Robert Edwards, Michael Grower, Julius Robson, Elly Jeppesen, Christopher Fennell, Shailaja Fenton-Glynn, Claire Morieux, Renaud Clarke, Rohan Taneja, Preti (25 November 2019). Slavery Inquiry Report, Jesus College Cambridge. Jesus College, University of Cambridge. OCLC 1142429215.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)