Battle of the Cape Chagrai (Russian: Бой при мысе Чаграе) was a battle between column from 20 Cossacks and several hundreds Kazakh and Uzbeks from Adai tribe and Khanate of Khiva.
| Battle of the Cape Chagrai | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Adai rebellion | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Russia |
 Kazakh rebels Khiva | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Aniki Korjinov |
Azberken Muntaipas | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 20 | 800[1] | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
|
2–3 killed 15[2]–17[3] wounded | Unknown, but more than Russians | ||||||
Background
editIn 1870, a major uprising broke out on Mangyshlak Island and Lieutenant Baykov was sent to suppress it. The detachment went very deep into the steppe, of which the rebellious Kazakhs wanted to take advantage of. The vanguard of 20 people separated from the main detachment, and the cavalry launched attacks to the rear to slow down the actions of the main troops, after which they planned to proceed with the extermination of this column.[4]
The forces of the parties
editRussian detachment
editThe team consisted of 14 Don, 2 Orenburg and 4 Ural Cossacks, There were only 6 rifles in the squad, all the others were armed with smoothbore pistols, the squad had no more than 200 rounds[5] None of the expedition participants except Commander Korzhikov was a veteran, they were all recruits.[6]
Kazakh forces
editThe Kazakh detachment initially consisted of 150 people, but 650 more joined them, this army was very well equipped with iron chain mail, which could not be shot through, the Kazakhs had firearms.[7]
Battle
editThe team set out on a hike early in the morning on July 24. After walking about 10 versts, they came to the river, where they noticed a group of 150 horsemen who immediately decided to strike at the Russians. A detachment of Cossacks laid the camels in a infantry square in a checkerboard pattern and tied their legs.[5][2] The Kazakh detachment was better armed than the Russians, commander Korzhikov ordered to save ammunition and shoot only if absolutely necessary.[8] Korzhikov realized that he was in a critical situation, and therefore sent a messenger to Korzhikov realized that he was in a critical situation, and therefore sent a messenger to Orzhenets. Reinforcements galloped up to the Kazakhs, and they decided to storm the Square, by this point the Russians realized that they could not shoot through the chain mail of the rebels. At a military meeting, they decided to take the fight to hand-to-hand. Russians aimed at places where a saber could penetrate the armor of the rebels. They grabbed them by the beard, hair and tore their weapons out of their hands; the Russians fought desperately. The Kazakhs by this time were trying to kill Korzhikov, who was in charge of everything. One bullet hit him and punctured his lung, but he tried to continue his command. By this time, almost all the Cossacks were wounded, and two were killed. The situation was becoming desperate.[5][9] All this time, reinforcements with one cannon were coming to the detachment, the Kazakhs were informed that the enemy would soon arrive to help. They tried to attack for the last time, however, the help previously gave one volley and thereby instilled hope in Korzhikov's team. The Cossacks shot all their cartridges at the Kazakh horses and forced them to retreat.[10]
Reference
edit- ^ Snesarev 1870, p. 752-756.
- ^ a b Terentyev 2022, p. 75.
- ^ Smolensky 1873, pp. 248–249.
- ^ Abaza 1887, pp. 375–376.
- ^ a b c Pavlov 1892.
- ^ Smolensky 1873, p. 237.
- ^ Snesarev 1870, pp. 752–756.
- ^ Abaza 1887, pp. 377–378.
- ^ Abaza 1887, p. 382.
- ^ Smolensky 1873, p. 249.
Bibliography
edit- Abaza, K. (1887). Дело Двадцати казаков при Мысе Чаграе [The case of the twenty Cossacks at Cape Chagrae] (in Russian).
- Smolensky, S. (1873). Дело Двадцати казаков при Мысе Чаграе 25 июля 1870 [The case of the twenty Cossacks at Cape Chagrae 25th July 1870] (in Russian). Voeniy Sbornik.
- Snesarev, N. (1870). Геройский подвиг Донских казаков 25 июля 1870 в Киргизской степи [The heroic feat of the Don Cossacks on July 25, 1870 in the Kyrgyz steppe] (in Russian). Novocherkassk: Don Diocesan Gazette. pp. 745–763.
- Terentyev, Mihail (2022). История завоевания Средней Азии [The history of the conquest of Central Asia] (in Russian). Volume 2. ISBN 978-5-4481-1327-7.
- Pavlov, I. (1892). Фейрверкер Коржиков [Fireworker Korzhikov]. Артиллеристы: Рассказы из боевой жизни полевой артиллерии для нижних чинов [Artillerymen: Stories from the combat life of field artillery for lower ranks] (in Russian). Minsk: Provincial Printing House.