The bar-winged wood wren (Henicorhina leucoptera) is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in southern Ecuador and northern Peru.[2][3]
| Bar-winged wood wren | |
|---|---|
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| Henicorhina leucoptera - Bar-winged Wood Wren | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Troglodytidae |
| Genus: | Henicorhina |
| Species: | H. leucoptera
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| Binomial name | |
| Henicorhina leucoptera Fitzpatrick, Terborgh & Willard, 1977
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Taxonomy and systematics
editThe bar-winged wood wren was originally thought to be closely related to the grey-breasted wood wren (Henicorhina leucophrys) but later DNA studies showed that it is more closely related to the white-breasted wood wren (H. leucosticta). It is monotypic.[4]
Description
editThe bar-winged wood wren is approximately 11 cm (4.3 in) long. The adult's crown is light gray-brown darkening to dusky brown on the upper back. Its lower back and rump are reddish brown. The tail is black with some fine dusky bars. Its folded wing shows two prominent white bars formed by the tips of the coverts. It has a wide white supercilium, a broken white eye ring, a black patch behind the eye, and a black and white streaked cheek. Its chin, throat, and upper breast are off-white mottled with pale gray. The center of the belly is white darkening to pale cinnamon on the lower belly and darker cinnamon in the vent area. The juvenile's underside is dark gray, brown, and cinnamon and it does not show wing bars.[4]
Distribution and habitat
editThe bar-winged wood wren is found on the east slope of the Andes of southeastern Ecuador and northern Peru. It inhabits the understory of elfin forest, a biome found mostly on separate ridges with poor soils. In Ecuador it ranges in elevation between 1,700 and 1,950 m (5,580 and 6,400 ft) and in Peru between 1,350 and 2,600 m (4,430 and 8,530 ft).[4]
Behavior
editFeeding
editThe bar-winged wood wren is known to be insectivorous but no other details of its diet have been published. It forages on and near the ground, making short flights and probing and gleaning vegetation for prey.[4]
Breeding
editVirtually nothing is known about the bar-winged wood-wren's breeding phenology. A juvenile was collected in July.[4]
Vocalization
edit
The bar-winged wood wren's song is "a mellow, whistled warbling phrase", often sung as a duet by a pair. Its calls include "a dry tchut" and "a squeaky wink".[4]
Status
editThe IUCN has assessed the bar-winged wood wren as Least concern.[1] It has a small geographic range and specialized habitat requirements. Nevertheless, it is "'fairly common' in Ecuador [and] 'plentiful' at the type locality in Peru".[4]
References
edit- ^ a b BirdLife International. (2022). "Henicorhina leucoptera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T22711532A216737457. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T22711532A216737457.en.
- ^ Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (July 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.2)". Retrieved July 14, 2021.
- ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2019. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2019. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved August 15, 2019
- ^ a b c d e f g Schulenberg, T. S. and T. Johnson (2020). Bar-winged Wood-Wren (Henicorhina leucoptera), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.bwwwre1.01 retrieved July 17, 2021