The Baloch are the majority ethnic inhabitants of the region of Sistan and Baluchestan Province in Iran. They speak the Rakhshani and Sarawani dialects of Balochi, an Iranian language.[2] They mainly inhabit mountainous terrains, which have allowed them to maintain a distinct cultural identity and resist domination by neighbouring rulers.
 Baloch child from Iranian Balochistan. | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 2 million[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Mainly Sistan and Baluchestan Province | |
| Languages | |
| Balochi (Rakhshani dialect), Persian | |
| Religion | |
| Sunni Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Baloch and other Iranian peoples |
The Baloch are predominantly Muslim, with the vast majority belonging to the Hanafi school of Sunni Islam, but there is also tiny proportion of Shia in Balochistan. Approximately 20-25% of the Baloch population live in Iran. Estimates of the Iranian Baloch population range from 1.5-2 million[3] to as many as 2 million. The majority of the Baloch population reside in Pakistan, and a significant number i.e. 600,000 reside in southern Afghanistan.
Balochistan of Iran has been regarded as the most underdeveloped, desolate, and poorest region of the country. The government of Iran has been trying to reverse this situation by implementing new plans such as the creation of the Chabahar Free Trade Zone.[4]
Geographical distribution
editThey are also spread in other countries of the world, such as the Persian Gulf states and Europe. In Iran, the Baloch are divided into two groups: the Makrani and the Sarhadi. The cities such as Iranshahr, Chabahar, Nikshahr, Sarbaz, and Saravan are known as the Makran region, while Zahedan and Khash are known as the Sarhad region.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Ethnologue report of Languages of Iran (2023)". Ethnologue. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ Frawley, William (2003). International Encyclopedia of Linguistics: 4-Volume Set. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 308. ISBN 978-0-19-513977-8.
- ^ "Iran Minorities 2: Ethnic Diversity". iranprimer.usip.org. 3 September 2013. Retrieved 2020-01-21.
- ^ "Iran and India Revive Economic Relations with New Chabahar Agreement". Atlantic Council. 2018-02-18. Retrieved 2020-01-04.