Awbare (Amharic: ኣውባረ) (Somali: Aw Barre), officially known as Teferi Ber,[1] is one of the woredas of the Fafan Zone in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Awbare is bordered on the southwest by Jijiga, on the west by the Sitti Zone, on the east by Somaliland, and on the southeast by Kebri Beyah. Cities and towns in the Awbare district include Awbare, Awbube, Sheder, Lefe Isa, Derwernache, Gogti, Jaare and Heregel.
High points in this woreda include Sau (1863 meters), near the international border.
History edit
Due to reports of a new wave of Somali refugees reaching Hart Sheik in late 2006, the Ethiopian Administration for Refugee and Returnee Affairs and the UNHCR together opened a new refugee camp at Awbare on 13 July 2007. As of June 2012, 13,553 individuals were resident at the camp, with a further 11,639 at the Sheder camp.[2]
The Ethiopian De-mining Office reported in November 2008 that it had cleared land mines planted in Awbare as part of the four million square meters of land the office had cleared in the Somali Region.[3]
Demographics edit
This woreda is primarily inhabited by the Gadabuursi subclan of the Dir clan family.[4][5][6]
The Department of Sociology and Social Administration, Addis Ababa University, Vol. 1 (1994), describes the Awbare district as being predominantly Gadabuursi. The journal states:
"Different aid groups were also set up to help communities cope in the predominantly Gadabursi district of Aw Bare."[7]
Filipo Ambrosio (1994) describes the Awbare district as being predominantly Gadabuursi whilst highlighting the neutral role that they played in mediating peace between the Geri and Jarso:
"The Gadabursi, who dominate the adjacent Awbare district north of Jijiga and bordering with the Awdal Region of Somaliland, have opened the already existing camps of Derwanache and Teferi Ber to these two communities."[8]
Based on the 2017 Census by the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia's Central Statistical Agency (CSA), Awbare district has the largest district population in the Somali Region.[9]
Agriculture edit
A sample enumeration performed by the CSA in 2001 interviewed 21,963 farmers in this woreda, who held an average of 0.99 hectares of land. Of the 21.7 square kilometers of private land surveyed, 83.16% was under cultivation, 6.38% pasture, 8.64% fallow, and 1.82% were devoted to other uses; the percentage in woodland is missing. For the land surveyed in this woreda, 75.77% is planted in cereals like teff, sorghum and maize, 1.66% in root crops, and 1.14% in vegetables; the number for pulses is missing. Permanent crops included 908 hectares planted in khat and 4.08 in fruit trees. 89.2% of the farmers both raise crops and livestock, while 7.44% only grow crops and 3.35% only raise livestock. Land tenure in this woreda is distributed amongst 98.06% who own their land, 0.8% rent, and the remaining 1.15% held their land under other forms of tenure.[10]
Notes edit
- ^ Teferi Ber is the name used by the Central Statistical Agency in its Agricultural Sample Enumeration 2001-2002 (1994 E.C.): Report on Area and Production - Somali Region Archived November 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Refugees in Somali National Regional State of Ethiopia" Archived 2016-02-18 at the Wayback Machine, UNHCR website (accessed 31 October 2012)
- ^ "Landmines Cleared From 4 Million Square Meters Of Land"[permanent dead link], Ethiopian News Agency, 20 November 2008 (accessed 17 June 2009)
- ^ Dostal, Walter; Kraus, Wolfgang (2005-04-22). Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean. I.B.Tauris. p. 296. ISBN 9780857716774.
- ^ "Somaliland: The Myth of Clan-Based Statehood". Somalia Watch. 7 December 2002. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-29.
- ^ Battera, Federico (2005). "Chapter 9: The Collapse of the State and the Resurgence of Customary Law in Northern Somalia". Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean. Walter Dostal, Wolfgang Kraus (ed.). London: I.B. Taurus. p. 296. ISBN 1-85043-634-7. Retrieved 2010-03-18.
- ^ "Sociology Ethnology Bulletin of Addis Ababa University". 1994.
Different aid groups were also set up to help communities cope in the predominantly Gadabursi district of Aw Bare.
- ^ "Theoretical and Practical Conflict Rehabilitation in the Somali Region of Ethiopia" (PDF). 2018–2019. p. 8.
The Gadabursi, who dominate the adjacent Awbare district north of Jijiga and bordering with the Awdal Region of Somaliland, have opened the already existing camps of Derwanache and Teferi Ber to these two communities.
- ^ "Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency Population of Ethiopia for All Regions At Wereda Level from 2014 Page: 21 Somali region". Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2017-01-19.
- ^ "Central Statistical Authority of Ethiopia. Agricultural Sample Survey (AgSE2001). Report on Area and Production - Somali Region. Version 1.1 - December 2007"[permanent dead link] (accessed 26 January 2009)