Association 193 is an anti-nuclear non-governmental organisation in French Polynesia. The association is named for the 193 nuclear weapons tests conducted by France at Moruroa and Fangataufa between 1966 and 1996.[1] It was established in 2014 to preserve the historical memory of nuclear testing and campaign for the French government to tell the truth about its impacts and compensate victims.[1]
The association initially called for 2 July - the date of the first French nuclear test in Polynesia - to be made a formal date of commemoration.[1] In January 2016 it launched its first major campaign, a petition for a referendum on the nuclear issue and on compensation.[2] By February 2016 the petition had more than 30,000 signatures.[3] It also worked with Mururoa e Tatou to organise a series of demonstrations around the visit of French President François Hollande.[4] In July 2016 it organised an exhibition and public demonstration to mark the 50th anniversary of the first nuclear test.[5][6] In October 2016 it successfully opposed plans for potentially contaminated gravel from Hao atoll to be used in road construction on Rikitea.[7][8] In January 2017 it created a unit to assist test victims to claim compensation from the French government.[9]
In August 2017 the association celebrated its third anniversary and announced its support for a campaign by the Maohi Protestant Church to pursue France for crimes against humanity in the International Criminal Court.[10][11]
In March 2020 the association denounced changes to France's nuclear compensation law which would make it more difficult for victims to obtain compensation.[12][13] It also denounced an attempt to further limit compensation via a clause slipped in to COVID-19 legislation.[14]
References edit
- ^ a b c Mélanie Thomas (13 January 2015). "Association 193 : " Faire la vérité sur les essais nucléaires "" (in French). Tahiti Infos. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ Mélanie Thomas (9 January 2016). "Nucléaire : l'association 193 réclame un référendum" (in French). Tahiti Infos. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "30,000 signature in French Polynesia anti-nuclear petition". RNZ. 11 February 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ Jacques Franc de Ferrière (22 February 2016). "Après les annonces, les associations attendent l'application" (in French). Tahiti Infos. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ ""La Polynésie française sous la bombe 1966-1974" : une exposition pour la mémoire" (in French). Tahiti Infos. 27 June 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Associations, Eglises et gouvernement côte à côte pour les 50 ans du 1er tir nucléaire" (in French). Tahiti Infos. 2 July 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Contamination concern in French Polynesia". RNZ. 25 October 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "New gravel sought for French Polynesia atoll road". RNZ. 7 November 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Loi Morin : l'association 193 crée une cellule d'aide aux victimes du nucléaire" (in French). Tahiti Infos. 26 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "L'association 193 fête ses 3 ans de combat antinucléaire" (in French). Tahiti Infos. 24 August 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Anti-nuclear group endorses case against France". RNZ. 28 August 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Amendement Tetuanui "sécurisé", l'association 193 "indignée"" (in French). Tahiti Infos. 4 March 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Mixed reaction to French Senate revising nuclear compensation criteria". RNZ. 5 March 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Outrage in Tahiti over French nuclear law moves". RNZ. 18 May 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2023.